亚慢性镉暴露对大鼠血常规和肝肾组织的影响  

Effects of subchronic exposure to cadmium on blood routine and liver and kidney tissues of rats

作　　者：李有幸 陆钦晨 庞雅琴[1] 胡雅婕 岑登胜 李金蔚 漆光紫[1] Li Youxing;Lu Qinchen;Pang Yaqin;Hu Yajie;Cen Dengsheng;Li Jinwei;Qi Guangzi(Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities,Baise 533000,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]右江民族医学院,广西百色533000

出　　处：《右江民族医学院学报》2021年第2期155-159,共5页Journal of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81960595);广西自然科学基金项目(2019JJD140011);广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2021KY0537)。

摘　　要：目的探讨亚慢性镉暴露对大鼠血常规、肝肾功能及病理组织的影响。方法将40只SD大鼠随机分为4个剂量组,分别是0 mg/L、75 mg/L、150 mg/L、300 mg/L CdCl_(2)浓度的双蒸水。染毒36周,采集血液后处死大鼠,取大鼠肝脏、肾脏并称重,计算脏器系数,进行肝脏、肾脏组织病理学检查。检测血常规指标:白细胞(white blood cell,WBC)、淋巴细胞(lymphocyte,LYMPH)、红细胞(red blood cell,RBC)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)、血小板(blood platelet,PLT)和肝肾功能相关指标:谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、谷草转氨酶(aminotransferase,AST)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、尿素(urea,Urea)、肌酐(creatinine,Cr)、尿酸(uric acid,UA)。结果大鼠体重在各染毒周期除150 mg/L剂量组外差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但染毒处理组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),染毒处理效应与染毒时间之间也不存在交互作用(P>0.05);肝脏质量、肝脏器系数、肾脏质量及肾脏器系数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);血常规指标检测结果显示,与0 mg/L剂量组比较,300 mg/L剂量组WBC、LYMPH、PLT均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),150 mg/L、300 mg/L剂量组Hb明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肝肾功能指标检测结果显示,与0 mg/L剂量组比较,150 mg/L剂量组AST、Urea、UA和300 mg/L剂量组ALT、AST、Urea、Cr、UA均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组织病理学检查结果显示,150 mg/L、300 mg/L剂量组肝组织出现明显的淤血、水肿、坏死和再生,肾组织近曲小管上皮细胞肿胀、空泡变性及坏死。结论高于150 mg/L剂量的亚慢性镉暴露可致血常规指标改变、肝肾功能及组织不同程度损伤。Objective To investigate the effects of subchronic exposure to cadmium on the blood routine,liver and kidney function and pathological tissues of rats.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups of different doses:double distilled water with CdCl_(2)concentrations of 0 mg/L,75 mg/L,150 mg/L,300 mg/L,respectively.After 36 weeks of exposure,the rats were sacrificed after blood collection.Their livers and kidneys were taken and weighed and the organ coefficients were calculated.Then the livers and kidneys were examined histopathologically.We detected the following blood routine indicators:white blood cell(WBC),lymphocyte(LYMPH),red blood cell(RBC),hemoglobin(Hb),blood platelet(PLT),and indicators related to liver and kidney function such as alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),urea(Urea),creatinine(Cr)and uric acid(UA).Results There were statistically significant differences in the body weight of rats in each exposure period except the 150 mg/L dose group(P<0.05),but no significant difference in exposure effect among groups(P>0.05).There was no interaction between exposure effect and exposure time(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in liver quality,liver organ coefficient,kidney quality and kidney organ coefficient(P>0.05).The results of blood routine indicators showed that,in comparison with those of 0 mg/L dose group,WBC,LYMPH and PLT in 300 mg/L dose group significantly increased and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),and Hb in 150 mg/L and 300 mg/L dose groups significantly decreased with significant difference(P<0.05).Liver and kidney function examination revealed that,in comparison with those of 0 mg/L group,AST,Urea,UA in 150 mg/L group and ALT,AST,Urea,Cr,UA in 300 mg/L group significantly increased and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The histopathological examination showed that liver tissues of the rats in 150 mg/L dose group and 300 mg/L dose group had obvious congestion,edema,necrosis and regen

关 键 词：镉 亚慢性暴露 大鼠 血常规 肝肾组织 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]