美国国内恐怖袭击新态势与原因探析  

Exploring the New Posture and Causes of Domestic Terrorist Attacks in the United States

作　　者：吴文聪[1] Wu Wencong(China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学,北京100088

出　　处：《新疆警察学院学报》2021年第1期4-15,共12页Journal of Xinjiang Police College

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“习近平总书记全球治理与国际法治思想研究”(18AKS024)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：特朗普政府延续奥巴马政府后期的反恐战略,采取国际“收缩”战略,把反恐重点转移到国内,但美国国内恐怖袭击不仅没有减少反而急遽增加。依据全球恐怖主义数据库(GTD)关于美国国内恐怖袭击的数据分析,当前美国国内恐怖袭击呈现出“独狼式”“无领袖”和“分散化”的特点,总体上恐袭频率加快、烈度增强。具体表现在:种族极端主义恐袭日益突出、“圣战”恐袭持续增多、宗教极端主义恐袭愈演愈烈以及对政府等公权力部门的恐袭不断上升等。特朗普实施不当的反恐政策是触发当前新一轮恐袭的重要原因,但究其根源,更在于美国国内根深蒂固的种族主义矛盾、由来已久的“伊斯兰恐惧症”以及资本主义自身不可调解的内在矛盾。特朗普政府要解决美国国内恐怖袭击问题任重而道远。The Trump administration has continued the counter-terrorism strategy of the late Obama administration by adopting international"shrinkage"and shifting the focus of counter-terrorism to the domestic level,but the number of terrorist attacks in the United States has not decreased but has increased dramatically. According to the data analysis of the Global Terrorism Database(GTD)on domestic terrorist attacks in the United States,the current domestic terrorist attacks in the United States show the characteristics of"lone wolf","leaderless"and"decentralized",and on the whole,the frequency and intensity of terrorist attacks have increased. This is reflected in the prominence of ethnic extremist attacks,the continued increase in jihadist attacks,the intensification of religious extremist attacks and the increase in attacks on public authorities,including the Government.Trump’s inappropriate counter-terrorism policy is an important reason for the current wave of terrorist attacks,but the root cause lies in the deep-rooted racist contradictions in the United States,the long-standing"Islamophobia"and the irreconcilable internal contradictions of capitalism itself. The Trump administration has a long way to go to solve the problem of terrorist attacks in the United States.

关 键 词：恐怖袭击 反恐战略 新态势 

分 类 号：D815.5[政治法律—国际关系]