基于电动公交车的线路布局优化研究  

Empirical Study on Electric Bus Route Optimization

作　　者：李颖 于壮 王玉焕 曾荣俊 刘雨晴 LI Ying;YU Zhuang;WANG Yuhuan;ZENG Rongjun;LIU Yuqing(Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning and Design Institute,Beijing 100085,China;Shenzhen Urban Transport Planning Center Beijing Sector,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司,北京100085 [2]深圳市城市交通规划设计研究中心有限公司北京分院,北京100085

出　　处：《交通工程》2021年第2期68-73,共6页Journal of Transportation Engineering

摘　　要：电动公交车的车辆性能、运营里程等方面均与传统燃油车有较大差异,有电动车参与的线路布局优化需要对其运行制约条件进行考虑.研究基于对电动公交车运行的调研,梳理了影响电动公交车运行的各类因子,构建了一套更换电动车评估的指标体系,并根据实际运用中的问题与限制确定指标阈值,利用IC卡、GPS数据对指标进行匹配计算,开展适宜更换电动公交车的线路筛选;同时利用复杂网络分析与贪心算法对北京公交639路更换电动车后的线路布局优化进行实证研究,在不影响其原有的公交服务水平的前提下,经过优化639路公交车的企业成本和乘客成本减少了4.8%,验证了优化方法的经济性与可行性.The performance and operation mode of pure electric buses are quite different from those of traditional buses.The optimization of the route layout with the participation of electric vehicles requires consideration of its operational constraints.Based on the investigation of the operation of electric buses,this research has sorted out various factors that affect the operation of electric buses,constructed a set of index system for the evaluation of replacement electric vehicles,and determined the index threshold according to the problems and restrictions in actual use,using IC cards.The GPS data is used to match and calculate the indicators,and to carry out the selection of routes suitable for replacement of electric buses;at the same time,a complex network analysis and greedy algorithms are used to conduct empirical research on the optimization of the route layout of Beijing Bus Route 639 after the replacement of electric vehicles.Under the premise of a high level of public transit service,the enterprise cost and passenger cost of Route 639 bus were optimized by 4.8%,which verified the economy and feasibility of the optimization method.

关 键 词：电动公交车 GPS数据 约束指标 线网优化 

分 类 号：U121[交通运输工程]