北京市某市场新型冠状病毒肺炎相关聚集性疫情传播链分析  

Transmission chains of clusters of COVID-19 associated with a market in Beijing

作　　者：孙亚敏[1] 刘锋[1] 蔡伟[1] 王磊[1] 刘方遥[1] 李玉莲[1] 王菊光[1] 应华清[1] 富继业[1] Sun Yamin;Liu Feng;Cai Wei;Wang Lei;Liu Fangyao;Li Yulian;Wang Juguang;Ying Huaqing;Fu Jiye(Haidian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心,100094

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2021年第3期427-432,共6页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的调查北京市海淀区某商品交易市场(Y市场)相关新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)聚集性疫情,分析其传播链及传播模式,为COVID-19疫情防控提供参考依据。方法采用现场流行病学和聚集性疫情调查方法,描述COVID-19病例三间分布等流行病学特征,绘制病例发病时序图和分析传播链。采集调查对象呼吸道标本,采用实时荧光RT-PCR法进行新型冠状病毒核酸检测。结果本次COVID-19聚集性疫情的感染来源于北京市丰台区某农产品批发市场(X市场),由Y市场1名从业人员暴露于X市场引发,随后在Y市场、周边社区、美食城、公司、家庭等地导致8起聚集性疫情,共报告关联性COVID-19确诊病例20例,无症状感染者1例。发病时间主要集中在6月10-14日,男性8例,女性13例;年龄中位数为45岁,年龄范围5~87岁;首发症状以发热(10/20)、咽部不适(7/20)为主;潜伏期中位数5(IQR:3~8)d;代间距中位数5 d;续发率3.7%(20/538),家庭密切接触者续发率14.0%(7/50)。结论Y市场COVID-19疫情是通过被污染环境、物品、人员接触等多种暴露方式导致的聚集性疫情,北京市海淀区通过综合防控措施使COVID-19疫情得到有效控制。Objective To investigate the clusters of COVID-19 associated with a market(market Y)in Haidian District,Beijing,and analyze the chain of transmission and provide reference for effective prevention and control of COVID-19.Methods The investigation of field epidemiology and cluster epidemic was used to describe the distributions of all COVID-19 cases.The time sequence diagram of the cases,disease onset was drawn and transmission chains were analyzed.Real-time RT-PCR assay was conducted for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test by using the respiratory samples of the cases.Results The COVID-19 epidemic,originated from a wholesale farm produce market(market X)in Fengtai District,Beijing,was introduced by a marketer in the market Y who had exposed to market X,causing 8 clusters of 20 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and one asymptomatic case,including 8 men and 13 women,in market Y,surrounding communities,food plaza,companies,families and other places.The incidence peaked during June 10-14,2020;the median age of the cases was 45 years,ranging from 5 years to 87 years.The initial symptoms of the cases included fever(10/20)and pharynx discomfort(7/20).The median of incubation period was 5 days(IQR:3-8).The median of serial interval between primary case and secondary cases was 5 days with a secondary attack rate of 3.7%(20/538),and the secondary attack rate in household close-contacts was 14.0%(7/50).Conclusions The clusters of COVID-19 associated with market Y were caused by several modes of transmission,including human-to-human,contaminated material-to-human,etc.The combined public-health response measures were effective to control the COVID-19 epidemic in Haidian district of Beijing.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 聚集性疫情 传播链 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R563.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]