碳纳米管/聚氨酯复合薄膜的制备及其拉伸传感性能  

Preparation and stretchable sensing properties of carbon nanotubes/polyurethane films

作　　者：汪文龙 王江楠 赵昕[1,2] WANG Wenlong;WANG Jiangnan;ZHAO Xin(State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海201620 [2]东华大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期12-18,共7页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金(18ZR1400600)。

摘　　要：采用静电纺丝制备聚氨酯纳米纤维薄膜作为可拉伸柔性基体,将碳纳米管(carbon nanotubes,CNTs)作为导电材料,利用真空浸渍和超声辅助将CNTs负载在聚氨酯纤维表面,形成的三维导电纤维薄膜用作拉伸传感器。利用扫描电子显微镜对复合材料进行形貌表征,利用傅里叶红外光谱仪和热量分析仪的测试来证明聚氨酯和碳纳米管之间存在强的相互作用力。研究浸渍时间对复合薄膜性能的影响发现,浸渍12h时,复合薄膜的灵敏性最大,肩峰最小。通过500圈循环测试,进一步证明了传感器的结构具有良好的稳定性,电阻具有可重复性。将传感器贴合在人体不同部位上,对人体活动进行了简单检测,证明传感器具有一定的实际应用价值。Polyurethane(PU)nanofiber film was prepared by electrospinning as a flexible matrix,and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were used as conductive materials,which were deposited on the surface of polyurethane fiber by vacuum impregnation and ultrasonic assistance to form a three-dimensional conductive fiber film as a stretchable sensor.Scanning electron microscope was used to characterize the morphology of the composite,and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and thermal gravimetric analyzer analysis were used to prove the strong interaction between polyurethane and carbon nanotubes.The influence of impregnation time on the properties of the composite film was studied.It was found that the sensitivity of the composite film was the highest and the shoulder peak was the lowest when it was impregnated for 12 h.Through 500 cycles test,it is further proved that the structure of the sensor has good stability and the resistance has repeatability.The sensor is fitted to different parts of the human body to detect physical activity,which shows that it is of a certain practical value.

关 键 词：聚氨酯薄膜 碳纳米管 传感器 真空浸渍 静电纺丝 灵敏性 

分 类 号：F633[经济管理—产业经济]