福建泉州地区2137例过敏性疾病患者变应原皮肤点刺试验结果分析  

Analysis of allergen skin prick test results in 2137 patients with allergic disease in Quanzhou area of Fujian Province

作　　者：郑婉玉[1] 魏玉意[2] 陈少杰[3] ZHENG Wanyu;WEI Yuyi;CHEN Shaojie(Allergic Disease Clinic,Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University,Quanzhou,Fujian 362000,China;Department of ENT,Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University,Quanzhou,Fujian 362000,China;Department of Dermatology,Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University,Quanzhou,Fujian 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属第二医院过敏疾病门诊,福建泉州362000 [2]福建医科大学附属第二医院五官科,福建泉州362000 [3]福建医科大学附属第二医院皮肤科,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2021年第9期1214-1217,共4页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

基　　金：福建省卫生健康委员会课题(2019026)。

摘　　要：目的分析福建泉州地区过敏性疾病患者变应原皮肤点刺试验结果,为过敏性疾病的诊治及预防提供依据。方法选择2015-2018年在该院就诊的过敏性疾病患者,采用变应原皮肤点刺试验对29种标准变应原(3种混合变应原和26种单一变应原)进行测试,以组胺液为阳性对照,生理盐水为阴性对照。结果共有2137例符合条件的过敏性疾病患者纳入研究,患者中位年龄为28岁,男、女的变应原阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。过敏性疾病诊断主要为过敏性鼻炎、荨麻疹和过敏性咳嗽,发病高峰为每年7-8月。变应原测试结果显示,变应原种类丰富,皮肤点刺试验总阳性率为76.18%,变应原种类以屋尘螨、粉尘螨和蟑螂为主,阳性率明显高于其他变应原(P<0.05)。单一变应原阳性反应者较少,73.53%(1197/1628)的患者对3种及以上变应原反应阳性。致敏以轻度反应为主的患者中,变应原种类最多,3~30岁患者变应原阳性反应强度较高(P<0.05)。结论该研究揭示的变应原致敏特点将有助于该地区过敏性疾病的预防、诊断和管理。Objective To analyze the results of allergen skin prick test in the patients with allergic disease in Quanzhou area of Fujian Province to provide a reference for the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of allergic disease.Methods The patients with allergic disease treated in this hospital from 2015 to 2018 were selected and 29 kinds of standard allergens(3 mixed allergens and 26 single allergens)were detected by adopting the allergen skin prick test.Histamine served as the positive control and normal saline as the negative control.Results A total of 2137 eligible patients with allergic disease were included in the study.The median age of the patients was 28 years old.The positive rate of allergen had no statistical difference between male and female(P>0.05).The allergic diseases diagnosis was mainly allergic rhinitis,urticaria and allergic cough.The onset peak was from July to August each year.The allergen test results showed that there were many types of allergens and the overall positive rate of skin prick test was 76.18%,and the allergens were dominated by house dust mites,dust mites and cockroaches,the positive rates were significantly higher than those of other allergens(P<0.05).There were fewer positive test patients for single allergen.73.53%(1197/1628)of allergic patients were positive to more than 3 kinds of allergens.Among the patients with mild allergic reactions,the types of allergens were maximal,and the young patients aged 3-30 years old presented the strongest intensity to allergen positive reaction(P<0.05).Conclusion The allergenic characteristics revealed by this study are conducive to the prevention,diagnosis and management of allergic diseases in this area.

关 键 词：过敏性疾病 变应原 皮肤点刺试验 

分 类 号：R446.119[医药卫生—诊断学]