氮肥不同用量对花椰菜农艺性状、产量及经济效益的影响  

Effects of Different Rates of Nitrogen Fertilization on Agronomic Traits,Yield and Economic Benefits of Cauliflower

作　　者：陈雪雅 CHEN Xue-ya(Xiamen Tong′an District Rural Economic Development Center,Xiamen,Fujian 361100,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门市同安区农村经济发展中心,福建厦门361100

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2021年第3期37-41,共5页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

摘　　要：为筛选适合花椰菜的最佳氮肥用量,以花椰菜品种台亚为试验材料,依据《厦门市主要农作物施肥指导意见》,在磷、钾肥合理用量不变基础上,分别设置不施肥(CK)、不施氮肥(N 0PK)、施氮肥150 kg·hm^(-2)(N 1PK)、施氮肥300 kg·hm^(-2)(N 2PK)和施氮肥450 kg·hm^(-2)(N 3PK),通过田间试验研究氮肥用量对花椰菜农艺性状、产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明:在施用P 2O 5120 kg·hm^(-2)、K 2O 270 kg·hm^(-2)的基础上,增施氮肥可改善花椰菜主要农艺性状,促进花椰菜生长发育,能够提高花椰菜最终产量。其中以施氮量300 kg·hm^(-2)对花椰菜的增产增效显著,生物产量、商品产量以及净收益分别比不施氮肥处理增加100.25%、136.22%、7.306万元·hm^(-2),差异均达极显著水平。In order to screen the optimal application amount of nitrogen fertilizer for cauliflower,by taking the cauliflower variety Taiya as the test material,and in accordance with the″Guiding Opinions on Fertilization of Main Crops in Xiamen″,on the basis of the same reasonable dosage of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers,no fertilization(CK),no nitrogen fertilization(N 0PK),nitrogen fertilization of 150 kg·hm^(-2)(N 1PK),nitrogen fertilization of 300 kg·hm^(-2)(N 2PK)and nitrogen fertilization of 450 kg·hm^(-2)(N 3PK)were set respectively,and the field experiments were conducted to study the effects of the rates of nitrogen fertilization on the agronomic traits,yield and economic benefits of cauliflower.The results showed that on the basis of the fertilization of P 2O 5120 kg·hm^(-2) and K 2O 270 kg·hm^(-2),increasing the nitrogen fertilization could improve the main agronomic characters of cauliflower,promote the growth and development of cauliflower,and increase the final yield of cauliflower.Among them,the rate of nitrogen fertilization of 300 kg·hm^(-2) significantly increased the yield and efficiency of cauliflower,and the biological yield,commodity output and net income increased by 100.25%,136.22%and 73,060 yuan·hm^(-2),respectively,compared with the treatment without nitrogen fertilization,with the differences being extremely significant.

关 键 词：氮肥 不同用量 花椰菜 

分 类 号：S635.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]