微型制冷机做冷源的固体材料导热系数测量装置设计  

Design of a device for measuring thermal conductivity of solid materials with miniature refrigerator as cold source

作　　者：周正荣 刘辉明[1] 郭世斌[1] 黄荣进[1,2] 李来风 Zhou Zhengrong;Liu Huiming;Guo Shibin;Huang Rongjin;Li Laifeng(State Key Laboratory of Aerospace Cryogenic Propellant Technology,Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《低温工程》2021年第2期1-6,共6页Cryogenics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFF01014701,2017YFE0301403);航天低温推进剂技术国家重点实验室基金课题(SKLTSCP1802)资助。

摘　　要：基于一维轴向稳态热流法,采用微型脉冲管制冷机作为冷源,研究建立了一台可连续测量60—300 K下固体材料的导热系数的装置。该装置采用集成化设计,各组件密集排布,整体结构精简有序,其测量方法采用两探针形式,适用于测量导热系数较小的样品。在高真空的环境下,进一步对该装置制冷机冷头的漏热和样品的漏热进行了分析和计算,得出样品测量时的总漏热约为472.3μW,制冷机及样品台组件的总漏热约为760.0 mW。最后,通过标样测量和误差分析,证明装置具有较小的误差和较高的精度,该装置所测量得不锈钢标准样的导热系数与标准数据仅存在4%左右的偏差。Based on the one-dimensional axial steady-state heat flow method,a micro pulse tube refrigerator was used as the cold source to build a device that could continuously measure solid materials’thermal conductivity from 60 K to 300 K.The device adopts an integrated design,and the components are densely arranged,so the overall structure is simple and orderly.The device’s measuring method is the two-probe method,suitable for measuring the sample with small thermal conductivity.Under the high vacuum condition,the heat leakage of the refrigerating head and the sample were analyzed and calculated.The total heat leakage of the sample and the refrigerator head were about 472.3μW and 760.0 mW respectively.Finally,by analyzing the measurement results and standard samples’errors,it is proved that the device has small errors and high precision.The thermal conductivity of the stainless steel standard sample measured by the device is only about 4%deviation from the standard data.

关 键 词：导热系数 制冷机 漏热 

分 类 号：TB663[一般工业技术—制冷工程]