不同年代梭梭同化枝解剖结构特征及其对土壤条件的响应  

Anatomic Structure Characteristics of Assimilating Shoots of Haloxylon ammodendron in Different Ages and Their Response to Soil Conditions

作　　者：王飞[1,2] 郭树江 张卫星[1] 王方琳 韩福贵[1,2] 张裕年[1,2] WANG Fei;GUO Shujiang;ZHANG Weixing;WANG Fanglin;HAN Fugui;ZHANG Yunian(Gansu Desert Control Research Institiute, Lanzhou 730070, China;State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Wuwei,Gansu 733000,China;Gansu Minqin National Studies Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem,Minqin,Gansu 733300,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省治沙研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室[培育基地],甘肃武威733000 [3]甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃民勤733300

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2021年第3期473-479,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家青年科学基金(31700339);国家地区科学基金(31760238,32060246,31960334);甘肃省青年科技基金(20JR10RA469);中科院“西部之光”项目。

摘　　要：叶片是植物与外界环境进行能量、水气交换的主要器官,对环境变化较敏感且可塑性较大。该研究以民勤不同年代梭梭同化枝为研究对象,采用石蜡切片法,分析不同年代梭梭同化枝解剖结构变异特点及其与土壤条件的关系,旨在探讨梭梭同化枝在干旱环境的生态适应机制。结果表明:(1)除角质层和导管孔径,不同年代梭梭同化枝解剖结构指标差异显著(P<0.05),变异系数变化范围为5.19%~21.53%。(2)随着生长年限的增加,梭梭同化枝直径变小,其他解剖结构指标占半径比例呈先增加后降低趋势。(3)土壤养分含量随年代的增加表现为不断降低的趋势,土壤含水率则因地点不同表现出较大差异。(4)角质层、栅栏组织与速效磷含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05);维管柱直径与电导率呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。研究认为,梭梭同化枝解剖结构与土壤条件存在密切关系,通过改变叶片结构更好地适应干旱荒漠环境,以期为该区梭梭资源的保护与利用提供理论依据。Leaves were the main organs for energy,water and gas exchange between plants and the external environment.They were more sensitive to environmental changes and had greater plasticity.Taking the assimilating shoots of different-aged Haloxylon ammodendron in Minqin as the research object,we analyzed the characteristics of the anatomical structure variation of the assimilating shoots of different-aged H.ammodendron and their relationship with soil nutrients by means of paraffin section method,in order to explore the ecological adaptation mechanism of the assimilating shoots of H.ammodendron in arid environment.The results showed that:(1)in addition to the cuticular and pore of catheter,there were significant differences in the anatomical structure indexes of different-aged H.ammodendron assimilating shoots(P<0.05),and the variation coefficient ranged from 5.19%to 21.53%.(2)With the increase of the growth years,diameter of assimilating shoots got smaller,and the radius proportion of each anatomic structure index increased first and then decreased.(3)The content of soil nutrients decreased with the increase of age,and the soil moisture content varied with different locations.(4)The cuticular and palisade tissues were negatively correlated with the content of available phosphorus(P<0.05).There was a significant negative correlation between diameter of vascular cylinder and electrical conductivity(P<0.05).In conclusion,the anatomical structure of H.ammodendron assimilating shoots was closely related to soil conditions,and the leaf structure can be better adapted to arid desert environment by changing,in order to provide theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of H.ammodendron resources in this area.

关 键 词：梭梭 同化枝 解剖结构 土壤条件 民勤 

分 类 号：Q944.56[生物学—植物学] Q948.11