有机聚合物材料电致化学发光在生化分析中的应用研究进展  

Advance in Applications of Organic Polymer-based Electrochemiluminescence in Biochemical Analysis

作　　者：崔琳 王鹏雨 王成铭 张春阳[1] CUI Lin;WANG Peng-Yu;WANG Cheng-Ming;ZHANG Chun-Yang(College of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学化学化工与材料科学学院,济南250014

出　　处：《分析化学》2021年第5期665-675,共11页Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.21735003,21527811,21605096,21974080);山东省泰山学者优势特色学科人才团队项目资助。

摘　　要：电致化学发光(Electrochemiluminescence,ECL)是在电极表面产生激发态自由基粒子,然后经过电子转移反应形成激发态发光的过程。有机聚合材料是一类由一种或几种分子/分子团(结构单元或单体)以共价键结合形成具有多个重复单体/单元的材料,包括金属有机框架材料(Metal-organic frameworks,MOFs)、金属-有机凝胶(Metal-organic gels,MOGs)、共轭微孔聚合材料(Conjugated microporous polymers,CMPs)和聚合点(Polymer dots,Pdots)等。有机聚合材料与含镉量子点相比,具有低毒和良好生物相容性等优点。有机聚合材料既可作为ECL发光体,也可增强发光体的ECL信号。基于有机聚合物材料构建的ECL传感器具有选择性好、特异性高、设备简单、信号稳定、检测方便、灵敏度高、动态范围宽和低背景等优点,广泛用于环境监测、免疫分析和核糖核酸检测等领域。本文综述了有机聚合物材料ECL在生化分析中的应用研究进展,着重介绍了有机聚合物材料ECL传感器用于金属离子、生物小分子、核糖核酸和蛋白质的检测研究,对有机聚合物材料ECL传感器的发展趋势进行了展望。Electrochemiluminescence(ECL)is the process of producing species on the surface of electrodes and the subsequent formation of excited luminescence through electron transfer reaction.Organic polymeric materials are constructed by one or more molecules/molecular groups(structural units or monomers)which are covalently bonded to form multiple repeating monomer units.Organic polymers include metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),metal-organic gels(MOGs),conjugated microporous polymers(CMPs)and polymer dots(Pdots).In comparison with the cadmium-containing quantum dots,organic polymer materials have significant advantages including low toxicity and good biocompatibility,and they not only function as the ECL emitter,but also enhance the ECL signal.The organic polymer-based ECL sensors are characterized by good selectivity,high specificity,simple equipment,stable signal,easy measurement,high sensitivity,wide dynamic range,and low background,and they are widely applied to environmental monitoring,immunoassay,and nucleic acids analysis.This review summarizes the recent advance in applications of organic polymer-based ECL sensors in biochemical analysis,and focuses on the selective detection of metal ions,small biological molecules,nucleic acids,and proteins.In addition,we highlight the challenges and trends in the development of organic polymer-based ECL sensors.

关 键 词：有机聚合物材料 电致化学发光 生物传感器 生化分析 评述 

分 类 号：O657.3[理学—分析化学] TP212[理学—化学]