论国际投资仲裁中的属时管辖争议及处理原则--以国际投资协定时效条款适用为视角  

The Disputes of Ratione Temporis on International Investment Arbitration and the Applicable Principles:Based on the Application of Temporal Clauses in International Investment Treaties

作　　者：孙颖 SUN Ying

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学,中国澳门特别行政区999078

出　　处：《国际商务研究》2021年第3期65-76,共12页International Business Research

摘　　要：属时管辖为仲裁庭对何时产生的争议具有管辖权,ICSID公约中并未直接规定,投资协定中的时效条款及一般国际法原则成为确定属时管辖争议的主要依据。不同投资协定中采用的属时管辖判断标准不同,对时效条款所确立的判断标准差异理解是产生属时管辖争议的重要来源。在时效条款缺失或语义不明的情况下对法不溯及既往原则及解释原则的适用是产生属时管辖争议的另一缘由。实践中有关投资仲裁管辖争议的法律适用并未统一,仲裁庭在扩大管辖的价值取向影响下采用不同的解释方法从而产生对立裁决、加剧属时管辖争议的局面。由于目前仲裁庭仍以投资协定作为主要的裁决依据,完善时效条款是规避和解决属时管辖争议的主要路径。Ratione temporis means that the arbitral tribunal has jurisdiction over the disputes arising from the time of occurrence.The ICSID Convention does not directly stipulate that the temporal clause in the investment agreement and the principle of general international law are the main basis for determining the ratione temporis of disputes.The judgment criteria of ratione temporis used in different investment agreements are different and the different understanding of the judgment criteria established by the temporal clause is an important source of the dispute of time jurisdiction.The application of the principle of non-retroactivity and the principle of interpretation is another reason for the dispute of ratione temporis when the temporal clause is missing or the meaning is unclear.In practice,the application of laws on investment arbitration jurisdiction disputes has not been unified.Under the influence of the value orientation of expanding jurisdiction,arbitration tribunals adopt different interpretation methods,resulting in opposing awards,which aggravates the situation of ratione temporis jurisdiction disputes.Since the arbitration tribunal still takes the investment agreement as the main adjudication basis,perfecting the temporal clause is the main way to avoid and resolve the dispute ofratione temporis.

关 键 词：属时管辖 管辖争议 时效条款 溯及力 

分 类 号：D99.4[政治法律—国际法学]