河北滦南南堡嘴东世界自然遗产提名地鸟类多样性现状评估  

Bird Diversity Assessment of the World Heritage Nominated Site Luannan Nanpu-Zuidong Wetland in Hebei Province

作　　者：雷维蟠[1,2] 伍洋 张正旺[1] LEI Weipan;WU Yang;ZHANG Zhengwang(Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Life Sciences&Biotechnology Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学生命科学与技术国家级实验教学示范中心,北京100875

出　　处：《自然与文化遗产研究》2021年第2期1-13,共13页Study on Natural and Cultural Heritage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31801985、31830089);中国海油海洋环境与生态保护公益基金会项目(CF-MEEC/TR/2020-20);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目;世界自然基金会项目;SEE基金会任鸟飞项目;保尔森基金会生态保护项目。

摘　　要：河北滦南南堡嘴东湿地是东亚-澳大利西亚候鸟迁徙路线的重要停歇地,2020年被河北省批准为省级湿地公园,并被列入中国黄(渤)海候鸟栖息地(第二期)提名地。生物多样性尤其是鸟类多样性是该湿地的核心保护价值。为了更好地为申报世界自然遗产提供科学支撑,我们根据2006-2020年对滦南南堡嘴东湿地鸟类的调查及观测记录,对该湿地的鸟类多样性及其世界遗产价值进行了现状评估。研究结果显示,河北滦南南堡嘴东湿地现有鸟类21目59科299种,占全国鸟类物种总数的20.69%。其中水鸟115种,占当地鸟类物种总数的38.46%,鸻鹬类是最主要的类群。该地区的鸟类绝大部分为旅鸟,少数为夏候鸟、冬候鸟和留鸟。根据环志记录,该湿地的鸟类至少来自13个国家和地区。河北滦南嘴东湿地记录的国家Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类分别为10种和50种。共有32个物种被列入《世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录》(IUCN红色名录),其中极危(CR)物种3种,濒危(EN)物种5种,易危(VU)物种10种,近危(NT)物种14种。列入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》(CITES)附录Ⅰ物种5种,附录Ⅱ物种25种。由于河北滦南南堡嘴东湿地在东亚-澳大利西亚候鸟迁徙路线上具有突出的保护价值和不可替代性,符合纳入世界遗产名录的标准,因此我们建议将其尽早纳入世界自然遗产地体系,以便得到更好地保护。The Luannan Nanpu-Zuidong Wetlands in Hebei is an important stopover for the East Asia-Australia Flyway.In 2020,it has been officially listed as a provincial wetland park by Hebei Province and as Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of the Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China(Phase II)World Natural Heritage Nominated Properties.Biodiversity,especially bird diversity,is the core conservation value of this wetland.In an effort to provide better scientific support for declaration of World Natural Heritage,we evaluated the current situation of bird diversity and world heritage value in Luannan Nanpu-Zuidong wetlands based on the bird survey and observation records from 2006 to 2020.The result showed that there are 21 orders,59 families,and 299 species of birds in the Luannan Nanpu-Zuidong Wetlands,accounting for 20.69%of the total bird species in China.There are 115 species of waterbirds,accounting for 38.46%of the total bird species in Luannan Nanpu-Zuidong Wetlands,among which,shorebirds are the most important group.Most species in this area are migrant,and a few are summer,winter and resident birds.According to bird banding records,birds in this wetland came from at least 13 countries and regions.In Luannan Nanpu-Zuidong Wetlands,there are 10 species of national class Ⅰ and 50 species of class Ⅱ key protected bird respectively;32 species are listed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species with 3 critically endangered(CR),5 endangered(EN),10 vulnerable(VU),and 14 near threatened(NT)species;5 species are listed in Appendix Ⅰ and 25 species listed in Appendix Ⅱ of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES)respectively.Due to its outstanding conservation value and irreplaceability for migratory birds on East Asian-Australasian Flyway,Luannan Nanpu-Zuidong Wetlands is qualified to be on the World Heritage List.We propose that it should be included in the World Heritage site listing to permanently protect this precious habitat.

关 键 词：湿地 鸻鹬类 水鸟 世界自然遗产 黄(渤)海 生物多样性 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学] N8[自然科学总论]