黄淮与东北麦区小麦赤霉菌温度相关的致病力分化研究  

Temperature-related Pathogenicity Differentiation of Wheat Head Blight in Huang and Huai River Valleys and Northeast China Wheat Regions

作　　者：雒丽丽 张昊[2,3] 杨美欣 王云飞 许景升 徐进[2] 姚强[1] 冯洁 LUO Li-li;ZHANG Hao;YANG Mei-xin;WANG Yun-fei;XU Jing-sheng;XU Jin;YAO Qiang;FENG Jie(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management,Qinghai Province,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xining,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xining 810016;State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193;National Agricultural Experimental Station for Plant Protection,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianshui 741000)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室农业农村部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站,西宁810016 [2]植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [3]农业农村部国家植物保护甘谷观测实验站,天水741000

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2021年第4期47-55,共9页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0126700,2018YFD0200500)。

摘　　要：研究不同来源的禾谷镰孢菌群体在不同温度条件下对小麦的致病力分化。2018和2019年间分别从黄淮冬麦区和东北春麦区采集小麦赤霉病病样,经单孢分离纯化共得到110株镰孢菌,采用EF-1α序列比对技术对分类病原菌进行了种类鉴定,结果显示禾谷镰孢菌为两个生态区小麦赤霉病的优势种。随机选择两个生态区的禾谷镰孢菌菌株各10株,采用单小花注射法分别在温度较高的廊坊市与温度较低的西宁市接种。在温度较低的西宁市,两个生态区的禾谷镰孢菌群体存在明显的致病力分化现象,东北麦区的禾谷镰孢菌群体致病力明显高于黄淮麦区群体,而在温度较高的廊坊市,两个群体的致病力差异不显著。表明东北麦区的禾谷镰孢菌群体有明显的低温适应性,研究结果明确了温度影响禾谷镰孢菌群体的致病力,对于禾谷镰孢菌群体致病力分化研究和小麦赤霉病的综合防治具有重要意义。Pathogenicity variation in Fusarium graminearum from different locations to wheat under different temperature conditions was compared.In 2018 and 2019,diseased wheat heads were collected from the winter wheat ecological region of Huang and Huai River Valleys and spring wheat ecological region of the Northeast China,a total of 110 Fusarium strains were obtained after single-spore isolation.The EF-1αsequences of the isolated strains were used to identify the Fusarium species.The results demonstrated that F.graminearum was the predominant species causing wheat head blight in the two ecological regions.Ten F.graminearum strains from each ecological region were randomly selected and inoculation was conducted by single floret injection method in two locations of Langfang representing the high temperate region and Xining representing lower temperature region.Significant difference of pathogenicity was observed in Xining.The F.graminearum populations from the Northeast China spring wheat region showed significantly higher pathogenicity than the population from Huang and Huai River Valleys wheat region.However,the pathogenicity of the two populations was similar in Langfang site.This indicates that the F.graminearum population in the Northeast China spring wheat region has a higher adaptability at low temperature.Results of the study indicate that temperature influences the pathogenicity of F.graminearum populations,which is significant for studying the pathogenicity differentiation of F.graminearum and comprehensive control and prevention of wheat head blight.

关 键 词：小麦赤霉病 温度 致病力 

分 类 号：S435.121.45[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]