台风“利奇马”造成浙江沿海极端强降水的演变特征  

Evolution Characteristics of Extreme Heavy Precipitation in Coast of Zhejiang Province Caused by Typhoon Lekima

作　　者：郑铮 潘灵杰 钱燕珍 赵昶昱 黄旋旋 肖王星 ZHENG Zheng;PAN Lingjie;QIAN Yanzhen;ZHAO Changyu;HUANG Xuanxuan;XIAO Wangxing(Ningbo Meteorological Observatory of Zhejiang Province,Ningbo 315012,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Meteorological Observatory,Hangzhou 310056,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省宁波市气象台,浙江宁波315012 [2]浙江省气象台,浙江杭州310056

出　　处：《干旱气象》2021年第2期269-278,共10页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：宁波市“科技创新2025”重大专项(2019B10025);宁波市自然科学基金(2019A610450)共同资助。

摘　　要：利用浙江地面加密观测资料、NCEP FNL再分析资料和FY-2G卫星云图、双偏振雷达资料,探讨分析1909号台风“利奇马”造成浙江沿海极端强降水的演变特征。结果发现:台风强度强、范围广以及登陆后减弱缓慢、移速慢是造成浙江沿海极端强降水的主要原因,云顶亮温TBB低值区长时间与强降水中心相匹配,且列车效应和东南急流增强预示着暴雨增幅。双偏振雷达Z_(H)、K_(DP)、Z_(DR)大值区一致,表明浙江沿海上空含有丰富的大水滴。极端降水区的大气可降水量始终维持在70~80 mm高位,且有持续强盛的西南急流和东风急流水汽输送,加之对流层低层正涡度中心和强散度中心重合,对流发展极高,有利于暴雨增幅。视热源和视水汽汇中垂直运动项占主导,两者的峰值交替出现,且峰值分布前者始终高于后者,有利于潜热释放,强降雨持续。Based on the ground intensive observation data,NCEP FNL reanalysis data,FY-2G satellite cloud images and dual polarization radar data,the influences of Typhoon Lekima(1909)on extreme heavy precipitation in the coast of Zhejiang Province were analyzed and discussed.The results show that the intensity of Typhoon Lekima was strong,the range was wide,and the intensity weakened slowly and movement was slow after the typhoon landing,which caused the extreme heavy precipitation in the coast of Zhejiang Province.The low values of black body temperature(TBB)matched with the centers of heavy rainfall for a long time,and the train effect and enhancement of southeasterly jet anticipated the amplification of heavy rainfall.The high value zones of Z_(H),K_(DP) and Z_(DR) of dual polarization radar were consistent,which indicated there were plenty of big water drops over the coastal areas of Zhejiang.The atmospheric precipitable water consistently maintained high-value with 70 to 80 mm over extreme heavy precipitation area,and the continuous and exuberant southwesterly and easterly jets transported water vapour to Zhejiang.Meanwhile,the center of positive vorticity coincided with the center of strong convergence in lower troposphere,and the height of convection development was very high,which were conductive to the amplification of heavy rainfall.Moreover,the vertical motion of apparent heat source(Q 1)and apparent water vapor sink(Q 2)was dominant.The peak value of Q 1 and Q 2 appeared alternately,and the corresponding height of the former was higher than that of the latter,which was beneficial to latent heat releasing and heavy rainfall maintaining.

关 键 词：台风 极端强降水 中尺度分析 成因诊断 

分 类 号：P458.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]