生物炭应用于低温NH_(3)-SCR脱硝催化剂的研究进展  

Review on Application of Biochar to Denitrification Catalysts for Low-Temperature NH_(3)-SCR

作　　者：汪怀建[1] 涂翔 黄碧纯 袁超 鲁美娟[1] 李丹萍 喻成龙 WANG Huaijian;TU Xiang;HUANG Bichun;YUAN Chao;LU Meijuan;LI Danping;YU Chenglong(School of Land Resources and Environment,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;School of Environment and Energy,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,P.R.China;Jiangxi Academy of Environmental Sciences,Nanchang 330039,PR China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西南昌330045 [2]华南理工大学环境与能源学院,广东广州510006 [3]江西省环境保护科学研究院,江西南昌330039

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2021年第2期445-458,共14页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51808269);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20192BAB213020,20192BAB203014,20201BBG71013);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1805804)。

摘　　要：氮氧化物(NO_(x))作为主要的大气污染物之一,在大气中容易经过一系列化学反应产生光化学烟雾或其他二次污染物,对生态环境和人类健康构成严重威胁。目前,我国空气污染问题依然严重,其中NO_(x)污染问题未得到有效控制。氨选择性催化还原技术(NH_(3)-SCR)是目前固定源烟气净化领域应用广泛且高效的烟气脱硝技术之一。目前商用V_(2)O_(5)-WO_(3)/TiO_(2)具有温窗较高、VOx具有生物毒性及高温选择性差等缺点。从节能、环保和锅炉匹配等角度看,低温化是SCR技术的发展方向,因此已经引起了国内外众多科技工作者的极大关注。我国作为农业大国,农业废弃物总量大,而农业废弃物可通过多种手段制备出生物炭,因而生物炭具有来源广泛、成本低、环境友好等特点,且生物炭适合开发成催化剂应用于低温NH_(3)-SCR反应。综述了不同生物质源的炭基纳米材料在低温SCR技术中的应用,重点阐述了生物炭的制备工艺、改性等对炭基催化剂脱硝性能的影响;还对生物炭基催化剂的低温NH_(3)-SCR性能、抗硫抗水性能以及反应机理等方面进行了总结。最后,针对生物炭应用于低温NH_(3)-SCR脱硝催化剂所存在的问题,提出了改进意见,并对炭基低温SCR脱硝催化剂今后发展方向和应用前景进行了展望。Nitrogen Oxides(NO_(x)),as one of the main air contaminant,incline to produce photochemical smog and other secondary pollutants by a series of chemical reactions in atmosphere and pose a serious threat to human health and the ecological environment.Currently,the air pollution in China is getting more severe,and the NO_(x) emissions have not been effectively controlled yet.Selective catalytic reduction(SCR)of NO_(x) with NH_(3) is an efficient and a widely used technology for flue gas denitrification(deNO_(x))from stationary pollutant sources.At present,commercial catalyst(V_(2)O_(5)-WO_(3)/TiO_(2))has several shortcomings including a narrow temperature operating window,biotoxicity for VOx,and the low N_(2) selectivity under high temperature condition,etc.From the perspective of energy saving,environmental protection,and boiler type matching etc.,low temperature technology is the main direction for the future development of SCR technology,so it has received much attention at home and abroad by researchers.China is a large agricultural country with a huge amount of agricultural wastes.And agriculture wastes can be treated and turned into biochar by a lot of means.Therefore,biochar has several characteristics,e.g.wide resources,low cost and environmental friendliness etc.,which is suitable for development as a catalyst application low temperature NH_(3)-SCR reaction.In this paper,the application of carbon-based nanomaterials derived from different biomass sources for low-temperature SCR is reviewed,and the effects of preparation process and modification of biochar on the SCR performance of carbonbased catalysts are emphasized.The low temperature NH_(3)-SCR performance,sulfur and water resistance and reaction mechanism of biochar-based catalysts are also summarized.Finally,the improvement suggestions are put forward for the problems existing in the application of biochar for low-temperature NH_(3)-SCR,and the future development direction and application prospect of carbon-based low-temperature SCR deNO_(x) catalysts

关 键 词：低温脱硝 还原 生物炭 纳米材料 催化剂 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]