橡胶元件低温特性对车辆动力学性能的影响  

Influence of low temperature characteristic of rubber component on vehicles dynamics performance

作　　者：代亮成[1] 池茂儒[1] 周业明 张会杰 薛源 李登辉 DAI Liangcheng;CHI Maoru;ZHOU Yeming;ZHANG Huijie;XUE Yuan;LI Denghui(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,Sichuan,China;Technology Center,CRRC Qingdao Sifang Locomotive Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司技术中心,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《中国工程机械学报》2021年第2期182-188,共7页Chinese Journal of Construction Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFB120404);牵引动力国家重点实验室自主课题资助项目(2018TPL_T04)。

摘　　要：橡胶弹性元件在轨道车辆中的普遍采用,对提高车辆系统安全性和平稳性具有重要的作用。为研究低温环境下橡胶弹性元件动态特性对城轨车辆动力学性能的影响,开展低温环境(-40℃∼20℃)下转臂节点、叠层橡胶等橡胶元件动态参数测试,建立了低温环境下城轨车辆动力学模型并进行动力学仿真分析。结果分析表明:橡胶元件动态刚度随激振频率的增加而增大,动态阻尼随激振频率的增大而降低,两者随环境温度的降低有明显的增大趋势,且低温环境下的频变特性更为显著。随着环境温度降低,城轨车辆临界速度逐渐降低,横向平稳性呈现减小趋势,但对垂向平稳性影响较小。轮轴横向力、脱轨系数及磨耗指数等曲线通过性能随环境温度降低显著恶化,特别在橡胶元件玻璃化转变温度附近较为明显。Rubber components are widely used in railway vehicles and play an important role in improving the safety and stability of the vehicles.In order to study the influence of dynamic characteristics of rubber elastic components on dynamic performance of urban rail vehicles in low temperature environment,dynamic parameters of rubber components such as the layer rubber spring and the rubber joint were tested in low temperature environment(-40℃∼20℃),the low-temperature dynamic model of urban rail vehicles was established and dynamic simulation analysis was carried out.The results show that the dynamic stiffness of rubber components increases with the increase of excitation frequency and the dynamic damping decreases with the increase of excitation frequency.Both increase with the decrease of ambient temperature,and the frequency-dependent characteristics are more significant in low temperature environment.With the decrease of ambient temperature,the critical speed of urban rail vehicle decreases,and the lateral stability decreases,but it has little influence on the vertical stability.The performance of such curves as wheel-axle lateral force,derailment coefficient and wear coefficient deteriorated significantly with the decrease of ambient temperature,especially near the glass transition temperature of rubber components.

关 键 词：城市轨道车辆 车辆动力学 橡胶弹性元件 动态特性 低温性能 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程] U270.2[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]