基于超声波声压衰减效应的局部放电源定位与强度标定  

Localization and intensity calibration of partial discharge based on attenuation effect of ultrasonic sound pressure

作　　者：王玉龙[1,2] 张晓虹[1] 李丽丽[2] 高俊国[1] 郭宁[1] 程成 Wang Yu-Long;Zhang Xiao-Hong;Li Li-Li;Gao Jun-Guo;Guo Ning;Cheng Cheng(Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application,Ministry of Education,School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China;College of Rongcheng,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Rongcheng 264300,China;Siping power Supply Company,State Grid Jilin Sheng Electric Power Co.,LTD.Siping 136000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院,工程电介质及其应用教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150080 [2]哈尔滨理工大学荣成学院,荣成264300 [3]国家电网吉林省电力有限公司四平供电公司,四平136000

出　　处：《物理学报》2021年第9期305-314,共10页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51577045);广东省普通高校青年创新人才项目(批准号:2020KQNCX117)资助的课题。

摘　　要：局部放电是导致电力设备绝缘劣化或击穿的重要原因之一.为此,结合即到达时差法定位原理,在广义互相关法的基础上,引入量子遗传算法对局部放电源进行精准定位.而后以声波传播损耗、反射及折射现象导致的声压衰减效应为研究切入点,首次建立局部放电源超声波信号标定的数学模型.结果表明:在针-板放电模型中,利用量子遗传算法计算的局部放电源较为精准,其最大偏差为(0.27±0.13) cm,与遗传算法、模拟退火算法、粒子群优化算法以及广义互相关法相比,其定位精度分别提高了33.57%, 41.51%, 32.12%以及87.26%.与此同时,由于声压衰减效应,当测量得到的超声信号电压幅值相同时,随着测试距离增大,放电源处的视在放电量逐渐增加.若测试距离为37.80 cm时,局部放电源的视在放电量为633.83 pC,与7.00 cm相比,放电强度增大了28.51%.局部放电源的放电曲线与标定拟合曲线几乎完全重合,验证了放电源放电程度标定模型的准确性.In the insulation system of power equipment,the partial discharge(PD)of short period does not cause the insulation to produce the penetrating breakdown,however the long-term PD of is one of the important causes of local deterioration,and even breakdown in dielectric.Therefore,it is very important to study the location of PD source and the calibration of discharge intensity.To achieve this,in this paper we take the needle-plate discharge model for example and go through the following steps respectively.Firstly,combined with the positive correlation between the ultrasonic signal and the apparent discharge magnitude in the process of PD,the ultrasonic method to detect partial discharge can be implemented.Then,based on the principle of time difference of arrival method(TDOAM),the accuracy of location is analyzed by using quantum genetic algorithm(QGA),genetic algorithm(GA),simulated annealing algorithm(SAA),particle swarm optimization(PSO)and generalized cross correlation method(GCC),respectively.And thus,starting from the study of the attenuation effect of sound pressure caused by the propagation loss,reflection and refraction of acoustic wave,the calibration model of PD intensity is established for the first time after determining the location of PD source with high precision.Some important findings are extracted from simulations and experimental results.First,the localization algorithm of PD source with high precision is observed.The localization of PD source by means of QGA is the most accurate,with maximum deviation of(0.27±0.13)cm.Comparing with GA,SAA,PSO and GCC,the accuracy of location is improved by 33.57%,41.51%,32.11%and 87.26%,respectively.Second,due to the attenuation effect of sound pressure,when the measured voltage amplitude of ultrasonic signal is the same,the apparent discharge magnitude of PD source gradually increases with the test distance increasing.When the test distance is 37.80 cm,the apparent discharge magnitude of PD source is 633.83 pC,which increases by 28.51%compared with 7.00 cm.Moreo

关 键 词：局部放电 超声波定位 放电强度 数学模型 

分 类 号：TM855[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]