无言的坚守与有声的乡土——论50年代周立波的文学语言观念与实践  

Wordless Persistence and Voiced Rural Town:On Zhou Libo’s Standard Language Ideas and Practice in the 1950s

作　　者：颜同林[1] Yan Tonglin

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学文学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《广东社会科学》2021年第3期170-179,255,256,共12页Social Sciences in Guangdong

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“社会主义建设初期文学语言研究”(项目号17BZW193)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1950年代普通话写作的兴起与壮大成为新的人民文艺的潮流,对乡土小说创作则以语言纯洁为名,讲究语言的规范与有序,与曾经的群众语言作为最佳书写工具之观念有了显著的差异,其中对方言母语的压制较为明显。湘籍作家周立波坚持毛泽东在延安时期的"讲话"精神,从《暴风骤雨》到《山乡巨变》都是选择从农村题材入手,一以贯之地强调向工农兵群众学习,在语言上认同群众语言,追求口语化、方言化,与普通话写作潮流并不一致。面对这一错位的文学语言观念与实践,评论界与工农兵读者发出了肯定与否定杂糅并呈的意见,不相上下。其中的经验与教训对我们认识1950年代以来文学创作在语言上的"一体化"进程富有启示性。In the 1950’s,Mandarin Writing which rose and developed has been the new trend of people’s lit-erature and art.In the name of liguistic-purification,the regularity and orderliness running through localnovel writing was siginificantly differentiated from the viewpoint on the populace language considered asthe best instrument of writing,and supressed dialects and mother tongues.Modern writer Zhou Libo fromHunan insisted on the spirit of Mao Zedong’s talk at the Yanan Conference on Literature and Art,hisworks as Storms and The Great Change of Hometown with rural theme lay emphasis on studying the groupof worker,peasants and soldiers for the whole time,which in pursuit of colloquial and dialectal style oflanguage without consistency of Mandarin Writing trend.In the dislocating and flexuous process,the ex-pression of opinion by critics and readers from worker,peasants and soldiers indicates positive and nega-tive complicatedly,the experience and lessons we learned from that may contribute to our understand-ing of 1950’s literature writing in linguistic"integration process."

关 键 词：周立波 乡土题材 群众语言 方言化写作 普通话写作 

分 类 号：H07[语言文字—语言学]