锂硫电池中的催化作用:材料与表征  

Catalysis in Li-sulfur Battery:Materials and Characterization

作　　者：耿传楠 化五星 凌国维 陶莹[1] 张辰 杨全红[1] GENG Chuannan;HUA Wuxing;LING Guowei;TAO Ying;ZHANG Chen;YANG Quanhong(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;School of Marine Science and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院,天津300350 [2]天津大学海洋科学与技术学院,天津300072

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2021年第5期1331-1339,I0001,共10页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51932005,U1710109);国家重点研发计划项目(批准号:2018YFE0124500);天津市青年人才托举工程(批准号:TJSQNTJ-2020-11);天津市自然科学基金(批准号:18JCQNJC02300)资助.

摘　　要：锂硫电池是高能量密度储能体系的重要发展方向,但其本征的“固-液-固”转化过程缓慢,穿梭效应的存在使其循环寿命和能量密度远低于理论值.如何加速硫的可逆反应成为实现锂硫电池变革性突破的关键.近年来,催化过程在锂硫电池研究中崭露头角,高效催化剂的引入能够降低硫转化的势垒,加速“固-液-固”转化进程,提高硫的利用率,从“准源头”上降低穿梭效应发生的概率,减少电解液需求量,提升锂硫电池整体性能.本文综合评述了锂硫电池中高效催化材料的研究进展,提出原位表征技术对催化机理研究的重要性和紧迫性,并对锂硫电池未来的技术发展趋势进行了展望.Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)battery is a promising next-generation energy storage system with ultrahigh energy density.However,the intrinsic“solid-liquid-solid”sluggish reaction causes unexpected shuttling of polysulfides,severely limiting the energy density and cycling performance.How to accelerate the reversible sulfur redox reaction has become the key to realize the breakthrough in the practical use of Li-S battery.Recently,the catalysis process has been introduced into Li-S battery.The introduction of high-efficiency catalysts into Li-S battery can reduce the energy barrier of sulfur conversion,and accelerate the"solid-liquid-solid"reaction.Thus,the shuttling of polysulfides can be reduced with a much lower electrolyte usage,further impro-ving the overall performance of Li-S battery.Herein,the research progress of high-efficiency catalysts in Li-S battery is systematically summarized and in?situ characterization techniques are proposed as significant strategy to illustrate the catalytic mechanism in Li-S battery.Moreover,comprehensive perspectives are given to guide the further research and development of Li-S battery.

关 键 词：锂硫电池 穿梭效应 催化机理 原位表征 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学]