恶意攻击下基于分布式稀疏优化的安全状态估计  

Secure State Estimation Based on Distributed Sparse Optimization Under Malicious Attacks

作　　者：张岱峰 段海滨[1,2] ZHANG Dai-Feng;DUAN Hai-Bin(Bio-inspired Autonomous Flight Systems Research Group,School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100083;Peng Cheng Laboratory,Shenzhen 518000)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院仿生自主飞行系统研究组,北京100083 [2]鹏城实验室,深圳518000

出　　处：《自动化学报》2021年第4期813-824,共12页Acta Automatica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U20B2071,91948204,U1913602,U19B2033);科技创新2030“新一代人工智能”重大项目(2018AAA0102303);航空科学基金(20185851022)资助。

摘　　要：恶意生成的量测攻击信号是导致信息物理系统(Cyber-physical system,CPS)探测失效的主要原因,如何有效削弱其影响是实现精准探测、跟踪与感知的关键问题.分布式传感器网络(Distributed sensor network,DSN)依靠多传感器协作与并行处理突破单一监测节点的任务包线,能够显著提升探测系统跟踪精度与可靠性.首先,依据压缩感知理论,将单一节点的目标运动状态估计建模为一种基于l0范数最小化的稀疏优化问题,采用正交匹配追踪法(Orthogonal matching pursuit,OMP)重构量测攻击信号,以克服采用凸优化算法求解易陷入局部最优的缺陷.通过卡尔曼滤波量测更新抵消攻击信号影响,恢复目标运动的真实状态.其次,针对错误注入攻击等复杂量测攻击形式,基于势博弈理论,提出一种分布式稀疏优化安全状态估计方法,利用多传感器节点信息交互与协作提升探测与跟踪的稳定性.仿真结果表明,所提方法在分布式传感器网络协作抵抗恶意攻击方面具有优越性.Malicious attacks against the measurements is one of the primary cause accounting for the detection failure of cyber-physical systems(CPS).Reducing the impact of measurement attack is a key problem of the accurate detection,target tracking,and sensing for CPS.Distributed sensor networks(DSN)are able to break through the task envelope of single surveillance node through coordination and parallel processing and thus remarkably improve the tracking performance and reliability of detection systems.Based on the compressive sensing theory,the state estimation for single-plant target tracking is modelled as an l0-norm minimization problem,which is also equivalent to a sparse optimization problem.Under sparse malicious attacks,the orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP)is utilized to reconstruct the attack signals and to avoid the local optima induced by the convex optimization algorithms.A combined Kalman filter is presented to obtain the true target information where the attack signals are compensated in the measurement update.Then,a distributed secure state estimation method based on the potential game theory is proposed in view of the complex attacks such as the false data injection,where a potential game framework is established to enhance the stability of target tracking by the information exchange and coordination among neighboring sensors.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method against the sparse malicious attacks on DSNs.

关 键 词：恶意攻击 分布式安全状态估计 稀疏优化 势博弈 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]