“3414”肥料效应函数分析香梨初果期施肥参数  

The Research to Function Fertilizer Effect of‘3414’to Confirm the Fertilization Parameter of Korla Pear in the Early Fruiting

作　　者：吉光鹏 张栋海 牛蛉磊 姜继元[2] 赵思峰[3] 吴玉蓉 JI Guangpeng;ZHANG Donghai;NIU Linglei;JIANG Jiyuan;ZHAO Sifeng;WU Yurong(Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Division No 3. of XPCC ,Tumxuk Xinjiang 843900, China;Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China;Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所,新疆图木舒克843900 [2]新疆农垦科学院,新疆石河子832000 [3]石河子大学,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2021年第4期682-689,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团科技特派员创新创业计划(2018CB036);新疆生产建设兵团第三师科技成果转移转化项目(KJ2019SF01)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究库尔勒香梨最佳效益产量的推荐施肥量,为土壤养分的高效利用提供依据。【方法】以库尔勒香梨初果期为试材,采用“3414”肥效试验完全施肥方案,分析氮磷钾肥配施对果实膨大期枝条、果实生长量及SPAD值、比叶重、单叶净光合速率等生理指标的影响,采用一元二次、二元二次、三元二次肥料效应函数得出初果期库尔勒香梨的推荐施肥量。【结果】果实膨大期氮肥对枝条生长有显著促进作用,磷肥则对枝条生长有抑制作用,氮肥对SPAD值、比叶重、单叶净光合速率影响相较于磷钾肥最大;钾肥能够显著促进果实生长,有效提高叶片叶绿素含量。均符合报酬递减率;3种肥料配施下,互作效应PK>NP>NK,均为正向互作效应。【结论】施肥量为氮(N)167.48 kg/hm2,磷(P2O5)118.65 kg/hm2,钾(K2O)205.42 kg/hm2,最佳效益产量为2915.99 kg/hm2。【Objective】The aim of this study is to obtain the recommended amount of fertilizer for optimal input-output ratio in the hope of providing theoretical reference foundations for the efficient utilization of soil nutrients in Korla pear.【Methods】Effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on growth,SPAD,specific leaf weight and net photosynthetic rate of single leaf were studied by using the‘3414’complete fertilizer scheme experiment.The recommended fertilization amount of Korla fragrant pear in the early fruiting stage was obtained by using the effect function of the unitary quadratic fertilizer effect function,binary secondary fertilizer effect function and ternary secondary fertilizer effect function,which provided scientific basis for the smooth transition fertilization in the early fruiting stage.【Results】The results showed that the nitrogen could significantly improve branch growth,but the phosphate fertilizer inhibited the growth of branches;Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on SPAD value,specific leaf weight and net photosynthetic rate of single leaf compared with phosphate and potassium fertilizer were the most significant;Potassium fertilizer could significantly promote fruit growth and effectively increase chlorophyll content in leaves.According to the fitting results of the seven equations,all of them were in accordance with the decreasing rate of return,and the interaction effect of the three fertilizers was PK>NP>NK,displaying positive interaction effect.【Conclusion】The fertilization recommendation amount in the early fruiting stage is N 167.48 kg/hm2,P2O5118.65 kg/hm2,K2O 205.42 kg/hm2 based on three dimensional quadratic regression equation,and the optimum economic yield is 2,915.99 kg/hm2.

关 键 词：库尔勒香梨 初果期 “3414”肥效 推荐施肥量 

分 类 号：S14[农业科学—肥料学] S661.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]