燕山山脉黄檗种群结构与动态特征  

The population structure and dynamic characteristics of Phellodendron amurense in Yanshan Mountains

作　　者：王泳腾 黄治昊 王俊[1] 张童 崔国发[1] WANG Yongteng;HUANG Zhihao;WANG Jun;ZHANG Tong;CUI Guofa(School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生态学报》2021年第7期2826-2834,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：东部典型区域陆地生物多样性保护目标设定与评估示范(2018YFC0507203)。

摘　　要：黄檗(Phellodendron amurense)为我国珍稀濒危物种,具有较高的药用价值。以燕山地区野生黄檗种群为研究对象,采用典型抽样对8个保护区内的黄檗进行全面调查,通过编制静态生命表并绘制存活曲线,分析种群年龄结构和种群变化规律,并通过种群动态量化和时间序列预测分析种群未来数量变化。结果表明:(1)黄檗种群结构总体上呈倒“J”型,但存在外部干扰时,种群结构数量变化动态指数为1.017%,表明该种群趋于稳定型;(2)静态生命表及相关曲线分析显示,黄檗种群存活数量整体上随着径级增大,个体数量逐渐下降;黄檗种群的生存期望在不同径级间存在波动,而第Ⅶ径级的生存期望最高,种群存活曲线符合Deevey⁃Ⅱ型,黄檗种群具有前期减少、中期稳定、后期衰退的特点;(3)时间序列预测分析表明,在未来2、4、6、8个径级之后,黄檗中老龄个体数量将逐渐增加。黄檗种群濒危的主要因素是幼苗数量少,且呈现散生分布状态,建议加强幼苗抚育工作,提高幼苗的存活率,保护和改善生境,从而促进黄檗种群的自然更新和恢复。Amur corktree(Phellodendron amurense)is a rare and endangered species in China.This paper takes the wild Phellodendron amurense population in Yanshan Mountains as the research object.We conduct comprehensive survey on Phellodendron amurense in eight reserves through typical sampling,establish a static life table and draw a population survival curve to analyze the age structure of the population,and use its population dynamic quantization and time series analysis to predict potential population changes.The results show that(1)the P.amurense population is by an large of an inverted J type.The dynamic change index under external interference is 1.017%,indicating that the population tends to be stable.(2)Analysis on the static life table and the population survival curve shows that the survival number of the P.amurense population increases along with the diameter scales as the individual number decreases,with the VII group at the top.The population survival rate belongs to the typical type of Deevey⁃II.The P.amurense population grows poorly in early age,stably in medium age period,and declines in old age.(3)Time series analysis indicates that,after more trees grow in the 2,4,6,8 diameter scales in the future,the number of medium and old-aged trees in the population may increase gradually.The major factor for the endangering of the P.amurense population is its insufficient seedling regeneration and scattered tree distribution.Therefore,the paper concludes that seedling raising should be strengthened to increase the survival rate of the seedlings,and the living environment be protected and improved to enhance natural regeneration and restoration of the P.amurense population.

关 键 词：黄檗 种群结构 存活曲线 时间序列预测 

分 类 号：S792.31[农业科学—林木遗传育种]