表达“给予事件”的先秦“以”字句式研究  

On the Study of the Sentence Being Marked by“Yī(以)”Which can Express Giving Events in the Pre Qin Period

作　　者：王依娜[1] 向贤文 Wang Yina;Xiang Xianwen(Basic Teaching Department,Shanghai Vocational College of Science and Technology,Shanghai 201800;College of Liberal Arts,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海科学技术职业学院基础教学部,上海200062 [2]上海大学文学院,上海201800

出　　处：《现代语文》2021年第1期4-9,共6页Modern Chinese

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“秦汉出土实物文字数据库语料深加工研究”(16JJD740011)。

摘　　要：“给予事件”是由“给予”类动词记录和表达的一种复杂事件,“以”字句式是其编码形式之一。先秦时期“以”字句式结构类型主要有:以+(O_(D))+V+(O_(I))、V+(O_(I))+以+O_(D)、以+(O_(D))+V+于+O_(I)等。以语言类型学绘制的“给予事件”语义地图为参照,先秦“以”字句式表达受事—与事结构、受益者结构、言说类结构和受事目标结构等七种语义类型。双宾语结构和“以”字句式的动词句法分布具有比较一致的特点,并有可能因各种语用因素影响,“以”字句式产生于双宾语结构。"Giving events" is a complex event that is recorded and expressed by "give" verbs,the Sentence being marked by"yī(以)" is one of coding methods. The structural styles of the Sentence Being Marked by "yī(以)" in the pre period have mainly: yī(以)+(OD)+V+(OI)、V+(OI)+yī(以)+OD、yī(以)+(OD)+V+yū(于)+OI etc. In the case of semantic map expressing giving events by language typologist as a reference, the Sentence Being Marked by "yī(以)" mainly have several semantic types :Patient argument-dative role、patient argument which is beneficia、speaking class and patient argument-location. Compared with double object construction which is the main coding method, verb syntactic distributions entering these two kinds of structural styles are similar, by the Influence of pragmatic factors,the Sentence being marked by "yī(以)" come from double object construction.

关 键 词：给予事件 先秦 “以”字句式 语义类型 双宾语结构 

分 类 号：H141[语言文字—汉语]