基于Gabor小波的汽车金属材料表面微小缺陷快速识别  

Rapid identification of micro defects on surface of automotive metal materials based on Gabor wavelet

作　　者：周李洪 龚金科[2] 李兵 ZHOU Lihong;GONG Jinke;Li Bing(School of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;School of Automotive Engineering,Hunan Mechanical and Electrical Polytechnic,Changsha 410151,China;School of Electrical and Automation Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]湖南机电职业技术学院汽车工程学院,湖南长沙410151 [3]合肥工业大学电气与自动化工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期1099-1108,共10页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51777050);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2019JJ70064)。

摘　　要：引入Gabor小波方法去除光照干扰,实现汽车金属材料表面微小缺陷的快速识别。通过改进Otsu阈值分割法对缺陷图像进行分割,对缺陷图像实行进一步处理去除光照干扰;利用模拟测试法得到Gabor滤波器运行中的最佳参数,对样本汽车金属材料表面微小缺陷图像进行Gabor模板卷积操作,获取边缘图像;针对边缘图像实行加权马氏距离计算,对边缘轮廓特征进行增强;通过连通区域标记检索并标记汽车金属材料表面的缺陷,实现汽车金属材料表面微小缺陷的快速识别。研究结果表明:Gabor小波的缺陷识别方法缺陷识别率高,能够准确识别横向划伤、纵向划伤以及网纹等缺陷,具有较高的可行性。Gabor wavelet method was introduced to remove the illumination interference and realize the rapid recognition of micro defects on the surface of automotive metal materials.The improved Otsu threshold segmentation method was used to segment the defect image,and the defect image was further processed to remove the light interference.The simulation test method was used to get the best parameters in the operation of Gabor filter,and the Gabor template convolution operation was performed on the sample automobile metal material surface micro defect image to obtain the edge image.The weighted Mahalanobis distance was calculated for the edge image,and the edge contour feature was enhanced.The defects on the surface of automotive metal materials were retrieved and marked by the connected region marking,so as to realize the rapid recognition of micro defects on the surface of automotive metal materials.The results show that the Gabor wavelet defect recognition method has high recognition rate,and can accurately identify the defects such as horizontal scratch,vertical scratch and mesh,so it has high feasibility.

关 键 词：GABOR小波 汽车金属材料 加权马氏距离 改进Otsu阈值分割 

分 类 号：TG115[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]