从出土简牍看先秦秦汉时期的亩制  

On Pre-Qin Mu System in Qin and Han Dynasties from the Unearthed Slips

作　　者：秦一鸣 李恒全[1] QIN Yiming;LI Hengquan(School of Social Development, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing Jiangsu 210097, China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学社会发展学院,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《江苏科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第1期15-20,共6页Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“简牍与战国土地制度研究”(14AZS003)。

摘　　要：“亩”是计量土地的基本单位。亩积与亩制、步制和尺制三种因素有关。西周井田制下亩制是以“六尺为步,步百为亩”;春秋战国时期各国亩制不同,秦国在商鞅变法后以“五尺为步,二百四十步为亩”;秦统一后至两汉时期以“六尺为步,二百四十步为亩”。西周时期有大小尺之分,在商鞅变法后,西周的大尺制、西周的小尺制被继承并一直沿用至汉代。自先秦至秦汉,亩积呈不断扩大趋势。亩制的扩大对社会生产力的进步、社会经济的发展以及政府和农民收入的增加都起到重要作用。"Mu"is the basic unit of land measurement.The plot of Mu is related to three factors:Mu system,step system and ruler system.The Western Zhou square-fields system regulated"six feet for the step,step 100 Mu";During the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period,the Mu system was different in different countries.After Shang Yang′s reform,the state of Qin regulated"five feet for the step,240 steps for Mu".From the unification of the Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty,it was regulated that"six feet were a step and two hundred and forty steps were a Mu".In the Western Zhou Dynasty,there was a division between the big foot and the small foot.After Shang Yang′s reform,the system of the big foot in the Western Zhou Dynasty was abandoned and the system of the small foot in the Western Zhou Dynasty was inherited,which was still in use until the Han Dynasty.From the Pre-Qin period to the Qin and Han Dynasties,the Mu area showed a trend of continuous expansion.The expansion of Mu system has played an important role in the progress of social productivity,the development of social economy,and the increase of government and farmers′income.

关 键 词：出土简牍 先秦秦汉 亩制 经济状况 

分 类 号：K232[历史地理—历史学]