1970—2016年阿尔金山冰川长度变化  

Variation of glacier length in the Altun Mountains during 1970—2016

作　　者：张聪 姚晓军[1] 刘时银 张大弘 许君利 ZHANG Cong;YAO Xiaojun;LIU Shiyin;ZHANG Dahong;XU Junli(College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China;College of Urban and Plans,Yancheng Teachers University,Yancheng 224002,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院,云南昆明650091 [4]盐城师范学院城市与规划学院,江苏盐城224002

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2021年第1期49-60,共12页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41561016,41861013,41801052);科技部科技基础性工作专项(2013FY111400);云南大学引进人才科研项目(YJRC3201702);西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划项目(NWNU-LKQN-14-4)资助。

摘　　要：长度是冰川的重要几何参数,对于认识冰川动态特征和模拟冰川厚度具有重要价值。基于阿尔金山第一次和第二次冰川编目数据及Landsat OLI遥感影像,利用冰川中流线方法提取了阿尔金山1970年、2010年和2016年的冰川长度数据,并结合气象资料分析了冰川长度对气候变化的响应。结果表明:2016年阿尔金山共有冰川507条,面积272.95km^(2),平均长度为1.02km,长度为2~5km和0.2~1km的冰川分别构成了该山系冰川面积和数量的主体。1970—2016年阿尔金山冰川面积减少了53.07km^(2)(变化速率为-1.15km^(2)·a^(-1)),冰川长度平均缩短了0.26km(变化速率为-5.65m·a^(-1)),其中西段冰川长度相对变化速率明显快于东段,且2010—2016年冰川退缩速率明显快于1970—2010年,气温升高是导致阿尔金山冰川退缩的主要原因。冰川长度与冰川面积、周长有较强的相关性,冰川长度变化与冰川消融区面积变化及末端海拔上升有较强的正相关关系,即冰川消融区面积减少越多,冰川末端海拔上升越高,冰川末端长度的减少值也越大。Glacier length is an important geometric parameter of glacier,which is valuable for understanding the characteristics of glacier change and simulating glaciers’thickness.Based on the first and second glacier inventory of China and Landsat OLI images,the vectorized datasets of glacier length in 1970,2010 and 2016 in the Altun Mountains were extracted by using the streamline method of glacier,and the response of glacier length to climate change was analyzed in combination with meteorological data.The results showed that:There were 507 glaciers in the Altun Mountains in2016,with an area of 272.95 km^(2) and an average length of 1.02 km;glaciers with a length of 2~5 km and 0.2~1 km constituted the main body of the area and number of glaciers in the mountain system.From1970 to2016,the area and average length of glaciers in the Altun Mountains had decreased by 53.07 km^(2)(with changing rate of-1.15 km^(2)·a^(-1))and 0.26 km(with changing rate of-5.65 m·a^(-1)),respectively;the relative changing rate of glacier length in west had been significantly faster than that in east;the retreat rate of the glacier from^(2)010 to2016 had been significantly faster than that from 1970 to 2010,mainly due to the rise of temperature.Glacier length had a good correlation with glacier area and glacier circumference,and there was a good positive correlation of the change in glacier length with the change in glacier ablation area and the elevation rise of the terminus;in other words,the more the glacier ablation area shrinks,the more the elevation of the terminus rises.

关 键 词：冰川长度 中流线 冰川编目 气候变化 阿尔金山 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]