内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原古冰缘遗迹科学考察研究进展  

Progress in the study on the periglacial phenomena on the Ordos Plateau,Inner Mongolia,China

作　　者：何瑞霞 金会军 蒋观利 张泽 陈雪梅[1] Raul David SERBAN Mihaela SERBAN Jef VANDENBERGHE Valentin V.SPEKTOR Hugh M.FRENCH HE Ruixia;JIN Huijun;JIANG Guanli;ZHANG Ze;CHEN Xuemei;Raul David SERBAN;Mihaela SERBAN;Jef VANDENBERGHE;Valentin V.SPEKTOR;Hugh M.FRENCH(State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Northeast-China Observatory and Research-Station of Permafrost Geo-Environment-Ministry of Education/School of Civil Engineering/Institute of Cold Regions Science and Engineering,Northeast Forest University,Harbin 100040,China;Applied Geomorphology and Interdisciplinary Research Centre,Department of Geography,West University of Timisoara,Timis 300223,Romania;Department of Earth Sciences,VU University,De Boelelaan 1085,1081 HV Amsterdam,Netherlands;Laboratory of General Geocryology,Melnikov Permafrost Institute,Russian Academy of Sciences,Yakutsk 677010,Sakha,Russia;Departments of Geography and Earth Sciences,University of Ottawa,Ontario,Canada;Department of Geography,University of Victoria,British Columbia,Canada)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冻土工程国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]东北林业大学东北多年冻土区地质环境系统教育部野外科学观测研究站(内蒙古额尔古纳)/土木工程学院/寒区科学与工程研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨100040 [3]Applied Geomorphology and Interdisciplinary Research Centre,Department of Geography,West University of Timisoara,Timis 300223,Romania [4]Department of Earth Sciences,VU University,De Boelelaan 1085,1081 HV Amsterdam,Netherlands [5]Laboratory of General Geocryology,Melnikov Permafrost Institute,Russian Academy of Sciences,Yakutsk 677010,Sakha,Russia [6]Departments of Geography and Earth Sciences,University of Ottawa,Ontario,Canada [7]Department of Geography,University of Victoria,British Columbia,Canada

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2021年第1期263-273,共11页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会(NSFC)与俄罗斯基础研究基金会(RFBR)合作交流项目(42011530083);中国科学院国际合作局对外合作重点项目“中蒙俄冻土变化及其对重大工程影响的评估”(131B62KYS2016009);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项“大暖期与盛冰期的中国冻土”(XDA05120302);冻土工程国家重点实验室自主研究项目(SKLFSE-ZT-12);国家自然科学基金项目(41401081)资助。

摘　　要：冰缘遗迹(特别是冷生楔形构造及融冻褶皱)是重建古气候及第四纪晚期多年冻土环境的重要证据。内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原是我国北方地区冰缘现象最为发育的地区之一。为准确了解鄂尔多斯高原冰缘遗迹类型及其分布特征、区域冻土演化历史等,中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院和荷兰自由大学共同组成科研小组,于2018年5—6月组织了"鄂尔多斯高原冰缘遗迹科学考察"。考察区域涉及靖边—城川—乌审旗—鄂尔多斯东胜区一带约12000km2的范围。考察内容主要包括鄂尔多斯高原冰缘遗迹类型及特征、分布区域、各类型冰缘遗迹所指示的气候条件的初步推断等。结果表明:冻融褶皱和冷生楔体构造是鄂尔多斯高原主要存在的两大类冰缘遗迹。基于本次考察中关于冰缘遗迹的分布与特征等新发现,并综合前人研究成果,初步推断:在气温极低、多年冻土非常发育的时段,有利于形成各类冷生楔状构造,如冰楔假形和大型原生砂楔等;在气候转暖、多年冻土退化,但还没有全部融化完阶段,可能形成融冻褶皱;区域性大面积分布和成群出现的融冻褶皱一般反映较暖气候环境下,多年冻土层上部已退化到一定程度。基于光释光(OSL)年代测试结果,结合冰缘遗迹的特征及其所指示的古气候环境,初步重建了鄂尔多斯5万年以来的冻土环境变化序列。区内多年冻土在多年冻土最大期(LPM,25~19ka BP)时最发育,以大面积连续多年冻土为主;之后,随气温转暖,总趋势呈退化状态,多年冻土分布逐渐变为片状→岛状→零星斑状,直至现今全部融完变为深季节冻土区。Periglacial phenomena are important for rebuilding the paleo-climate and-permafrost environments in the Late Quaternary.China is one of the countries with the most developed periglacial landforms during the late Quaternary and they are largely well preserved,among which the Ordos Plateau is one of the regions in northern China where periglacial phenomena have been extensively identified since 1980s.In order to accurately grasp the regional evolutionary history of periglacial and permafrost environments and their distributive features on the Ordos Plateau,the joint expedition from the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Free University Amsterdam,conducted several expeditions to the area.The one during May to June2018 was focused on investigations for paleo-periglacial environments on the Ordos Plateau.The surveyed and investigated areas range from Jingbian County,Shaanxi Province to Chengchuan Town,Uxin Banner and Dongsheng District in the Ordos area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China,with an areal extent of about12000 km2.It has been found through investigations and summaries of the paleo-periglacial phenomena on the Ordos Plateau that there are two major types of periglacial phenomena,namely,cryoturbations and cryogenic wedges.Based on the analysis of the climatic conditions required for the development of the recently identified cryogenic wedges and cryoturbations,the environmental conditions for the occurrences of periglacial relics were preliminarily studied.The following conclusions were drawn thereupon:The periods with remarkably low temperatures and well-developed permafrost favored for the formation of various kinds of wedges,such as paleo ice-wedge groups,ice-wedge casts,large primary sand wedges,and large thermal contraction polygons.Moreover,the periods with warming climate and degrading permafrost(not yet completely thawed)were conducive to the formation of cryoturbations.The regional and collective occurrences of cryoturbations in groups general

关 键 词：内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 古冰缘遗迹 冷生楔形构造 冻融褶皱 科学考察 

分 类 号：P931.8[天文地球—自然地理学]