环流型对武汉市臭氧污染浓度的影响分析  

Analysis on the influence of circulation patterns on the ozone concentration in Wuhan

作　　者：柳草[1] 王晓玲[1] 李德俊 祝波 陈璇[1] 王艳杰[1] 董良鹏[1] LIU Cao;WANG Xiaoling;LI Dejun;ZHU Bo;CHEN Xuan;WANG Yanjie;DONG Liangpeng(Wuhan Central Meteorological Observatory,Wuhan 430074;Hubei Meteorological Service Center,Wuhan 430205;Hubei Environmental Monitoring Center Station,Wuhan 430072)

机构地区：[1]武汉中心气象台,武汉430074 [2]湖北省气象服务中心,武汉430205 [3]湖北省环境监测中心站,武汉430072

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2021年第4期1210-1218,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2017YFC0212601,2017YFC0212603)。

摘　　要：本文统计了武汉市臭氧污染超标日和清除日的环流类型,并对超标日环流型对应的气象要素进行了对比分析,揭示了环流型对臭氧浓度的影响.结果表明:(1)按照高空环流分类,武汉市臭氧超标环流型主要有:槽后西北气流型(占比最高,29%)、西太平洋副热带高压型、脊型、平直西风气流型、大陆高压型;臭氧清除环流型主要有:槽前西南气流型(占比最高,44%)、平直西风气流型、登陆台风型.(2)超标环流型的相同天气特征为:基本无降水发生,白天晴到多云,地面风速小,日最高气温≥27℃,日最低湿度≤65%;清除环流型的天气特征为:云量多,有降水,地面平均风速2.0~3.5 m·s^(-1).(3)对5种超标环流型进行对比发现:大陆高压型高温(34℃)、低湿、少云,最有利于光化学反应,臭氧浓度最高;平直西风气流型低温、多云,地面西北风为主,最有利于污染输入,臭氧浓度次高;西太平洋副热带高压型气温最高(35℃),但湿度最大、云量最多,槽后型和脊型低温、低湿、少云,这3种环流型臭氧浓度一般.In this article, the atmospheric circulation patterns on ozone excess day and removal day in Wuhan were counted, and the meteorological elements corresponding to the circulation patterns on ozone excess day were compared, to reveal the influence of circulation patterns on ozone concentration. The results showed that:(1) According to the classification of atmospheric circulation, the main patterns on ozone excess day in Wuhan include: northwest airflow behind trough with the highest proportion(29%), western Pacific subtropical high, ridge, straight west airflow, and land high. The patterns on ozone removal day mainly include: southwest airflow before the trough with the highest proportion(44%), straight west airflow, and landing typhoon.(2)The similar meteorological characteristics of circulation patterns on ozone excess day are: almost no precipitation, sunny to cloudy during the day, low wind speed on the ground, the daily maximum temperature ≥27 ℃, and the daily minimum humidity ≤65%. The similar characteristics of circulation patterns on removal day are: the occurrence of precipitation, more cloud cover, and ground wind speed is 2.0~3.5 m·s^(-1).(3)The land high pattern on ozone excess day has the higher temperature(34 ℃), low humidity and less cloudiness. So it is most conducive to photochemical reactions and has the highest ozone concentration. The straight westerly airflow pattern on ozone excess day has low temperature and cloudy weather, with the second highest ozone concentration. The ground is mainly northwest wind, which is most conducive to the transmission of pollution. The western Pacific subtropical high pattern has the highest temperature(35 ℃), the highest humidity, and the most cloud cover. The northwest airflow behind trough pattern and the ridge pattern have low temperature, low humidity, and few cloud cover. The ozone concentration of these three patterns is close.

关 键 词：武汉 环流型 臭氧污染 气象特征 污染输送 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X16