早产儿院内感染的危险因素及预防策略  

Risk factors and preventive strategy for nosocomial infection in premature infants

作　　者：李金花[1] 郭晶[1] LI Jin-hua;GUO Jing(Department of Pediatrics,South Hospital,Ganzhou People′s Hospital,Jiangxi Province,Ganzhou341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省赣州市人民医院南院儿科,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2021年第11期193-195,200,共4页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：江西省赣州市指导性科技计划项目。

摘　　要：目的探讨早产儿院内感染发生相关的危险因素,并根据危险因素分析结果制订相应的预防策略。方法选取2018年1月~2019年6月江西省赣州市人民医院南院儿科接收诊治的556例早产儿,对其临床资料进行回顾性调查分析,利用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析法筛选早产儿院内感染相关的危险因素并总结相应预防策略。结果早产儿院内感染发生率达4.86%,胃肠道感染发生率最高,其次是上呼吸道。单因素分析结果显示,早产儿不同胎龄、出生体重、住院天数、机械通气、胃管留置、经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)以及喂养不耐受因素下的院内感染发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic分析结果显示,早产儿胎龄≤32周、出生体重≤1.5 kg、住院天数>7 d、机械通气、胃管留置和喂养不耐受均为早产儿院内感染发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论早产儿院内感染诱发因素多样,降低早产发生风险、缩短早产儿住院天数和避免侵入性操作,同时改善喂养方式能有效预防和控制早产儿医院感染的发生。Objective To investigate the risk factors for nosocomial infection in premature infants and formulate corresponding preventive strategy based on the risk factors.Methods The study retrospectively reviewed 556 premature infants treated in Department of Pediatrics,South Hospital,Ganzhou People′s Hospital of Jiangxi Province from January 2018 to June 2019.Single factor analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to screen the risk factors for nosocomial infection in premature infants,and corresponding preventive strategies were summarized.Results The nosocomial infection rate reached 4.86%in premature infants,and the gastrointestinal infection rate was the highest,followed by upper respiratory tract infection.Single factor analysis showed that statistically significant difference was found in nosocomial infection rate under different gestational age,birth weight,hospital stay,mechanical ventilation,gastric tube indwelling,peripherally inserted central venous catheter(PICC)and feeding intolerance in preterm infants(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that premature infants′gestational age≤32 weeks,birth weight≤1.5 kg,hospital stay>7 d,mechanical ventilation,gastric tube indwelling and feeding intolerance were all independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in premature infants(P<0.05).Conclusion There are various factors inducing nosocomial infection in premature infants.Preventing premature birth,shortening hospital stay,avoiding invasive operation and strengthening feeding tolerance can effectively prevent and control the occurrence of nosocomial infection in premature infants.

关 键 词：早产儿 院内感染 危险因素 预防策略 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]