γ-聚谷氨酸磷肥增效剂对石灰性土壤有效磷的影响  

Effect of polyglutamic acid phosphate fertilizer synergist on available phosphorus in calcareous soil

作　　者：付文杰 万亚珍[1] 张文辉[1] 梅丹丹[1] 薛亚男 FU Wen-jie;WAN Ya-zhen;ZHANG Wen-hui;MEI Dan-dan;XUE Ya-nan(School of Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan 450001)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2021年第2期17-22,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：2018年河南省科技创新杰出人才项目(184200510022)。

摘　　要：提高土壤中磷素有效性有利于提高农作物产量,减少磷矿资源浪费。试验以郑州市高新区石灰性土壤为研究对象,通过室内埋土试验,研究γ-聚谷氨酸与磷酸一铵配施对土壤磷素有效性的影响,并与常用增效剂草酸、腐殖酸的作用效果进行对比。结果表明:(1)相同添加量的3种增效剂,均能提高磷肥利用率,且γ-聚谷氨酸的作用效果最好;(2)γ-聚谷氨酸可以显著提高土壤磷素有效性,当其与磷酸一铵质量比为1∶1时有效磷含量可提高57.85%;(3)γ-聚谷氨酸能够抑制土壤中Ca_2-P快速向Ca_8-P和Ca_(10)-P转化,土壤有效磷与其它磷形态相关性大小为Ca_2-P(0.871)>Ca_8-P(-0.797)>Ca_(10)-P(-0.483)>Fe-P(-0.414)>O-P(0.347)>Al-P(-0.102),通径分析表明Ca_2-P(0.759)为主要决策因子,Ca_8-P(-0.087)和Ca_(10)-P(-0.051)为主要限制因子;(4)γ-聚谷氨酸能够降低土壤中碳酸钙的含量,减少石灰性土壤磷的吸附位点。γ-聚谷氨酸能够提高磷肥利用率,在γ-聚谷氨酸与磷酸一铵配施的条件下,限制Ca_2-P快速向无效态磷转化,减少磷的吸附位点是γ-聚谷氨酸提高石灰性土壤磷素有效性的主要途径。Increasing the availability of phosphorus in the soil is conducive to increasing crop yields and reducing waste of phosphate rock resources.In this experiment,the calcareous soil in Zhengzhou was taken as the research object.The effect of the combined application ofγ-polyglutamic acid and monoammonium phosphate on the availability of soil phosphorus was investigated through an indoor buried soil test,and compared with the effects of oxalic acid and humic acid.The results showed that:(1)all three synergists with the same addition amount increased the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer,andγ-polyglutamic acid had the best effect;(2)γ-polyglutamic acid significantly increased soil phosphorus effectiveness,when its mass ratio to monoammonium phosphate is 1∶1,the effective phosphorus content was increased by 57.85%;(3)γ-polyglutamic acid inhibited the rapid conversion of Ca2-P to Ca8-P and Ca10-P in soil.The correlation between soil available phosphorus and other phosphorus forms is Ca2-P(0.871)>Ca8-P(-0.797)>Ca10-P(-0.483)>Fe-P(-0.414)>O-P(0.347)>Al-P(-0.102),path analysis showed that Ca2-P(0.759)was the main decision factor,Ca8-P(-0.087)and Ca10-P(-0.051)were the main limiting factors;(4)γ-polyglutamic acid can reduce the content of calcium carbonate in the soil and reduce the phosphorus adsorption sites in calcareous soil.γ-polyglutamic acid can improve the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer.Under the condition ofγ-polyglutamic acid and monoammonium phosphate,it can limit the rapid conversion of Ca2-P to inactive phosphorus and reduce the adsorption site of phosphorus.Glutamate is the main way to improve the availability of phosphorus in calcareous soil.

关 键 词：Γ-聚谷氨酸 有效磷 石灰性土壤 通径分析 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]