生物降解微球在骨组织再生中的生物学优势  

Biological advantages of biodegradable microspheres in bone regeneration

作　　者：马士卿 王洁 高平[1] 刘子豪[1] Ma Shiqing;Wang Jie;Gao Ping;Liu Zihao(Dental Hospital,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学口腔医院,天津市300070

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2021年第34期5517-5522,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(81701019),项目负责人:马士卿;天津市教育委员会一般项目(2019KJ173),项目负责人:刘子豪。

摘　　要：背景:生物降解微球通过自身降解释放包裹在其中的功能性修饰因子,能够改善药物溶解性、半衰期等性质,被广泛应用于骨缺损的修复再生。目的:回顾总结生物降解微球在骨组织再生方面的应用,用于制备微球的各型材料的优缺点,以及微球制备的新型工艺和修饰方法。方法:以“生物降解微球、纳米粒子、骨再生、促成骨”为中文检索词,检索CNKI、万方数据库;以“biodegradable microsphere,nanoparticle,bone regeneration,osteogenic”为英文检索词,检索PubMed、Elsevier、Web of Science数据库。结果与结论:在骨组织再生相关研究中,用于制备生物降解微球的材料主要包括无机材料、天然高分子材料、合成聚合物材料,微球制备方法包括离子凝胶法、溶剂挥发法、喷雾干燥法、相分离法、溶胶-凝胶法等。目前使用的微球均已具备良好的生物相容性和骨传导性,但大部分材料的骨诱导性能仍不够理想,目前通过负载促骨再生因子、抗感染因子、促血管再生因子等修饰方式为微球的多功能化提供可能。微球加工工艺的优化、复合微球的构建、复合支架的构建、新型高效修饰因子的引入等为微球在骨组织再生应用中的研究提供了新思路。BACKGROUND:Biodegradable microspheres,which release the functional modification factors encapsulated in them through self-degradation,can improve the drug solubility,half-life and other properties.They are widely used in the research of bone defect repair and regeneration.OBJECTIVE:To review and summarize the application of biodegradable microspheres in bone regeneration,the advantages and disadvantages of various materials used to prepare microspheres,as well as the new technology and modification methods of microspheres.METHODS:CNKI,Wanfang,PubMed,Elsevier,and Web of Science database were retrieved using“biodegradable microsphere,nanoparticle,bone regeneration,osteogenic”as English and Chinese keywords.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the research of bone regeneration,the materials used to prepare biodegradable microspheres include inorganic materials,natural polymer materials and synthetic polymer materials.The preparation methods include ionic gel,solvent evaporation,spray drying,phase separation,and sol-gel method.Although the microspheres have excellent biocompatibility and bone conductivity,the osteogenic properties of most of the materials are still not ideal.Many ways are used to modify the microspheres,such as loading osteogenic factor,anti-infective factor and angiogenic factor,making it possible to functionalize the microspheres.The optimization of microsphere processing technology,the construction of composite microspheres and composite scaffolds,and the introduction of new efficient modification factors all provide new ideas for the application of microsphere in bone regeneration.

关 键 词：微球 药物缓释 支架材料 纳米材料 引导骨组织再生术 生长因子 抗感染 血管生成 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318.08[医药卫生—临床医学]