铝/铜异种材料搅拌摩擦铆接工艺  

Friction Stir Riveting Process of Al/Cu Dissimilar Materials

作　　者：胡云瑞 刘景麟 王留芳 吕赞[2] HU Yunrui;LIU Jinglin;WANG Liufang;LYU Zan(CRRC Sifang Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266l11,China;Faculty of Aerospace Enginering,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]中车四方车辆有限公司,山东青岛266111 [2]沈阳航空航天大学航空宇航学院,辽宁沈阳110136

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2021年第7期115-117,126,共4页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51705339)。

摘　　要：铝/铜异种材料的搅拌摩擦点焊接头的焊核区会存在较多的金属间化合物。为了减少这些硬脆且连续的金属间化合物对接头抗拉强度的影响,在搅拌摩擦点焊的基础上提出一种新型搅拌摩擦铆接技术。焊接中铝板(上板)预制孔中填充铜柱,使用旋转搅拌头下扎实现连接。研究结果表明,接头中未出现常规搅拌摩擦点焊中的Hook缺陷,铜柱的存在避免了铝板/铜板搭接界面处异种材料的混合,同时匙孔周围产生的铜层可以增加接头的机械互锁能力。铝板/铜柱垂直界面处发生原子扩散行为,形成由CuAl2以及CuAl组成的金属间化合物层。基于机械互锁与冶金结合的搅拌摩擦铆接技术可获得铝/铜异种材料的高质量接头。There are many intermetallic compounds(IMCs) existing in the stirred zone of Al/Cu dissimilar materials friction stir spot welding(FSSW) joint. In order to reduce the effect of hard and brittle IMCs on tensile strength of the joint, a novel technology named as friction stir riveting(FSR) was proposed based on FSSW. During welding, the Cu bar is filled in the prefabicated hole of the upper Al plate, and the connection is realised by using the rotary stirring head into the Cu bar. The results show that the Hook defect commonly found in normal FSSW doesn’t appear. The existence of Cu stud avoids the material mixing between Al and Cu sheets. A Cu layer produced around the key hole can increase the interlocking of the joint. The atom diffusion behavior occurs at the vertical interface between the Al sheet and the Cu stud,and the intermetallic compounds layers composed of CuAl2 and CuAl form. Therefore, a high-quality lap welding joint of Al/Cu dissimilar alloys can be formed by FSR based on the combination effect of mechanical interlocking and metallurgical bonding.

关 键 词：搅拌摩擦铆接 铝/铜异材 原子扩散 剪切拉伸性能 

分 类 号：TG453.9[金属学及工艺—焊接]