中国流通业集约化水平的测度及空间特征  

Measurement and Spatial Characteristics of Intensification Level of China's Circulation Industry

作　　者：王明雁[1] 王静文 祝合良 WANG Ming-yan;WANG Jing-wen;ZHU He-liang(School of Economics,Shandong University of Finance and Economics,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China;School of Sociology and Population Sciences,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,Jiangsu,China;School of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]山东财经大学经济学院,山东济南250014 [2]南京邮电大学社会与人口学院行政管理系,江苏南京210023 [3]北京工业大学经济管理学院,北京市100124

出　　处：《中国流通经济》2021年第5期19-28,共10页China Business and Market

基　　金：2020年度济南市哲学社会科学研究课题重点项目“推动济南市流通业高质量发展的路径和策略研究”(JNSK20B21)。

摘　　要：在明确界定流通业集约化水平衡量指标的基础上,以2000—2017年为考察期,基于DEA的Malmquist指数方法测算2001—2017年中国流通业在全国层面和省级层面的历年全要素生产率,进而计算2002—2017年中国流通业的集约度,探究该时期中国流通业的变化趋势和空间分布特征。从全国层面来看,除两个阶段波动较大以外,中国流通业集约化水平在考察期内始终保持着较为平稳的增长态势,说明中国流通业正在稳步推进从粗放型增长向集约化增长方式的转变。从地区层面来看,中国流通业集约化发展的空间差异特征非常显著,中部地区的集约化程度增长最快,西部次之,东部最慢。在全要素生产率差异较小的情况下,东部地区集约化程度显著低于中西部地区的主要原因是,东部地区的生产要素投入对流通业发展的相对贡献明显高于另外两个地区,这从侧面反映出中国流通业地区层面要素投入的巨大差异。我国应该从构建健全的现代流通体系出发,着力打破生产要素在各地区之间配置的体系壁垒,实现要素资源在全国范围内的自由流动,进而提升资源配置效率;借力技术革命,重构流通组织结构;各地因地制宜,加大流通基础设施建设;改善流通市场环境,鼓励创新流通业态。On the premise of defining the measurement index of intensive level of circulation industry and taking the year from 2000 to 2017 as the investigation period,the authors calculate total factor productivity of China's circulation industry at the provincial level by using the Malmquist index method based on DEA.The authors also measure the intensive level and spatial distribution characteristics by combining the definition and formula of the intensive degree of circulation industry.From a national perspective,the intensive level of China's circulation industry has always maintained a relatively stable growth trend during the investigation period,and China's circulation industry is steadily advancing the transformation from extensive growth to intensive growth.From a regional perspective,the spatial difference of the intensive development of China's circulation industry is very significant,with the fastest growth in the central region,followed by the west,and the slowest in the East.The main reason why the intensity of the eastern region is significantly lower than that of the central and western regions is that the relative contribution of production factor input in the eastern region to the development of the circulation industry is significantly higher than that of the other two regions,which also reflects the huge difference of factor input at the regional level of China's circulation industry.We should,first,start from the construction of a perfect modern circulation system,breakthrough the system barrier in distribution among different regions,realize the free flow of factors,and improve the efficiency of resources distribution;second,we should reconstruct the organizational structure with the help of technological revolution;third,we should encourage different regions to strengthen the construction of circulation infrastructure by taking into consideration local conditions;and fourth,we should improve the environment of circulation market,and encourage innovation in circulation business types.

关 键 词：流通业 集约化 全要素生产率 技术进步 

分 类 号：F713[经济管理—产业经济]