IKAP引导的多元化健康教育对不孕症患者病耻感、健康知识及依从性影响  

Influence of IKAP-guided diversified health education on stigma,health knowledge and compliance of infertile patients

作　　者：石硕 彭凌[1] 孙涛[1] SHI Shuo;PENG Ling;SUN Tao(Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院,100025

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2021年第2期304-307,共4页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

摘　　要：目的:探讨信息-知识-信念-行为(IKAP)引导的多元化健康教育对不孕症患者病耻感、健康知识及依从性的影响。方法:选取2018年7月—2020年5月本院就诊的96例不孕症患者,按1:1比例随机分配入两组中。将实施常规护理的48例作为对照组,将在常规护理基础上实施IKAP引导的多元化健康教育的48例作为干预组。于护理前、护理6个月后分别采用不孕症病耻感量表(ISS)、简明健康状况调查表(SF-36)对两组患者进行病耻感、生活质量评价,采用自制问卷对两组健康知识进行调查,并了解6个月内治疗依从性。结果:护理后两组ISS评分均较护理前降低且干预组(78.27±6.30分)低于对照组(96.51±7.04分),对各项措施的依从性及健康知识知晓率干预组均高于对照组(P均<0.05);两组护理后SF-36各项评分均提高,且干预组生理功能(82.91±7.60分)、心理功能(78.25±5.43分)、社会功能(77.14±5.53分)、总体健康(79.02±8.29分)均高于对照组(73.07±6.42分、66.20±6.39分、68.13±6.26分、68.03±7.36分)(P均<0.05)。结论:对不孕症患者实施IKAP引导的多元化健康教育,可明显减轻患者病耻感,显著提高患者健康知识水平及治疗依从性,提升其生活质量。Objective:To explore the influence of diversified health education guided by information-knowledge-attitude-practice(IKAP)on stigma,health knowledge level,and compliance of infertile patients.Methods:96 infertile patients were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the ratio of 1:1 from July 2018 to May 2020.48 patients were given routine nursing in control group,and 48 patients were given diversified health education guided by IKAP in study group.The Infertility Stigma Scale(ISS)and the simple health survey schedule SF-36 were used to evaluate the stigma and quality of life of the patients in the two groups before and after 6 months of nursing.The self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the awareness of health knowledge of the patients in the two groups,and the treatment compliance of the patients in the two groups was observed within 6 months treatment.Results:After nursing,the ISS score of the patients in the two groups had decreased significantly,and that(78.27±6.30 points)of the patients in the study group was significant lower than that(96.51±7.04 points)of the patients in the control group.The compliance rate to all trentment and the awareness rate of health knowledge of the patients in the study group were significant higher than those of the patients in the control group(P<0.05).After nursing,the scores of the items of SF-36 of the patients in both groups had increased significantly,and the scores of physiological function,psychological function,social function,and general health of the patients in the study group were 82.91±7.60 points,78.25±5.43 points,77.14±5.53 points,and 79.02±8.29 points,respectively,which were significant higher than those(73.07±6.42 points,66.20±6.39 points,68.13±6.26 points,68.03±7.36 points,respectively)of the patients in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion:The implementation of IKAP-guided diversified health education for infertile patients can significantly reduce their stigma,significantly improve their health knowledge level and tr

关 键 词：不孕症 信息知识信念行为 多元化健康教育 病耻感 健康知识 依从性 心理 

分 类 号：R711.6[医药卫生—妇产科学]