土壤水文属性及其对水文过程影响研究的进展、挑战与机遇  

A Review of Advances in Impacts of Soil Hydraulic Properties on Hydrological Processes,Challenges and Opportunities

作　　者：贺缠生[1,2] 田杰 张宝庆[1] 张兰慧[1] HE Chansheng;TIAN Jie;ZHAN Baoqing;ZHANG Lanhui(Center for Dryland Water Resources Research and Watershed Science,Key Laboratory of West China's Environmental System(Ministry of Education),College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 130000,China;Department of Geography,Western Michigan University,Kalamazoo,MI49008,USA)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院西部环境教育部重点实验室旱区流域科学与水资源研究中心,甘肃兰州730000 [2]Department of Geography,Western Michigan University,Kalamazoo,MI 49008 USA

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2021年第2期113-124,共12页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“土壤水文属性对山区水文过程的影响机理及多尺度效应”(编号:42030501);“黑河上游土壤水文异质性观测试验及其对山区水文过程的影响”(编号:91125010)资助。

摘　　要：土壤水文属性对水文过程、能量过程、碳氮循环过程及各过程间相互作用有重要影响。首先简要回顾近30年来土壤水文属性的研究进展,包括土壤水文属性的监测分析、土壤水文属性对水文过程的影响机理,以及不同尺度土壤水文属性对水文过程的影响差异及联系。其次,论述土壤水文属性研究的挑战与机遇。最后介绍祁连山区土壤水文属性对水文过程的影响及多尺度特征研究。力求加深对土壤水文属性变异规律及其对水文过程影响机理的认知,发展土壤水文学和山区水文学,支持水资源科学管理和区域可持续发展。Soil hydraulic properties regulate hydrological processes,energy exchange,carbon and nitrogen cycling processes and the interactions among them over multiple scales.This study first briefly reviews the advancement in soil hydrological research over the past 30 years,including in situ observation and monitoring of hydraulic properties,the effects of soil hydraulic properties on hydrological processes,and the mechanism and scaling effects of soil hydraulic properties on hydrological processes at multiple spatial scales(soil profile,hillslope,watershed,and region).Subsequently,it discusses the challenges and opportunities in soil hydraulic property research.Finally,it describes a case study of analysis of impacts of soil hydraulic properties on hydrological processes in the Qilian Mountain Ranges in Northwest China.This study serves as food for thought to improve current understanding of the effects of soil hydraulic properties on hydrological processes,enhance soil hydrology and mountainous hydrology,and in turn,support water resources management and regional sustainable development.

关 键 词：土壤水文属性 水文过程 尺度特征 水资源管理 

分 类 号：P934[天文地球—自然地理学] S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]