热带海洋盐度障碍层多尺度变异机理及其对海气相互作用的影响研究进展  

Multi-Scale Variations of Barrier Layer in the Tropical Ocean and Its Impacts on Air-Sea Interaction:A Review

作　　者：庞姗姗 王喜冬 刘海龙[4] 邵彩霞 PANG Shanshan;WANG Xidong;LIU Hailong;SHAO Caixia(Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting,Ministty of Natural Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Oceanography,Hohai University,210098,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519000,China;Institute of Oceanography,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学自然资源部海洋灾害预报技术重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学海洋学院,江苏南京210098 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东珠海519000 [4]上海交通大学海洋学院,上海200030

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2021年第2期139-153,共15页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“孟加拉湾障碍层的季节内变化及其对海气相互作用的影响研究”(编号:41776004)和“障碍层与热带太平洋海气耦合主模态的相互作用研究”(编号:41776019)资助。

摘　　要：在上层海洋,受盐度的影响,温度均匀层和密度均匀层并不一定重合,出现温跃层顶界深度明显大于密度跃层顶界深度的现象,即产生盐度障碍层。重力稳定度较高的障碍层对上层海洋热量的垂直交换具有"热障"作用,使混合层和温跃层无法进行有效的热量交换,导致局地海洋上混合层偏暖,从而影响局地海气相互作用乃至全球气候变化。得益于全球海洋观测计划的实施,近20年来科学家已逐渐认识到盐度在海洋环流和气候变化中的重要性,因此盐度障碍层在上层海洋热量收支中的作用等科学问题已成为物理海洋学的前沿研究热点。以障碍层多尺度变异为中心,围绕影响和调控障碍层变异的关键海洋过程,以及障碍层通过海气相互作用影响天气、气候尺度变异的过程和机理等关键科学问题,综述了近几十年来有关热带障碍层的研究进展。重点总结了以下3个方面的进展:全球不同热带海域障碍层的空间结构和多尺度变异特征;海洋动力过程和大气热力过程在障碍层变异中的作用及其机理;障碍层与天气、气候事件及海洋生物相互作用的关键过程和机理。强调了障碍层变异的海洋-大气耦合过程及其气候效应,最后提出了尚需解决的关键科学问题。In the vertical,the isothermal layer and mixed layer are two parameters governing the upper ocean structure.High salinity stratification in the surface layer often limits the mixed layer depth and thus results in the interlayer called the barrier layer between the base of mixed layer and the top of the thermocline.The barrier layer acts as a"barrier"for the transfer of heat,monmentum,mass,and nutrient fluxes between the mixed layer and the thermocline,affecting the heat budget of the surface mixed layer and resultant air-sea interaction.Owing to the implementation of global ocean observation programs,scientists have gradually realized the importance of oceanic salinity in ocean circulation and climate change in the past two decades.Thus,the role of barrier layer caused by salinity in heat balance of upper ocean is the present hotspot in physical oceanography field.Focusing on the key scientific issues centered at the barrier layer variations and its climatic impacts,three aspects of it are introduced under the review:Spatial structures and multi-scale variations of barrier layer in the world ocean;roles of oceanic and atmospheric processes in barrier layer variations;key processes and mechanisms of interactions between barrier layer and weather,climate and biology.We mainly emphasize the ocean-atmosphere interactions associated with the barrier layer variations and their cliamtic impacts.Finally,we propose several issues that remian to be solved were proposed.

关 键 词：盐度障碍层 多尺度变异 形成机制 海气相互作用 

分 类 号：P732.6[天文地球—海洋科学]