预防性护理构建预防老年脊柱骨折手术患者压疮和下肢深静脉血栓风险的应用价值分析  

Analysis on the application value of preventive care construction in preventing pressure ulcers and deep vein thrombosis for elderly patients underwent spinal fracture surgery

作　　者：李静[1] 刘静[1] 王晓阳 LI Jing(The second department of orthopaedics surgery,people's hospital of Anyang city,Anyang,Henan,455000,China)

机构地区：[1]安阳市人民医院骨外二科,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》2020年第24期3134-3137,共4页Journal of Qiqihar Medical University

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(201702437)。

摘　　要：目的探讨预防性护理构建预防老年脊柱骨折手术患者压疮和下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的价值。方法选择2017年2月—2019年10月本院收治的182例老年脊柱骨折手术患者作为研究对象,随机数表法分为对照组和观察组两组,每组各91例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予预防性护理构建护理,两组均护理干预至出院。观察两组压疮、下肢DVT发生情况,住院时间、术后首次下床活动时间、患者对护理服务满意率及干预前后D-二聚体、血流变指标变化。结果观察组干预后全血黏度、还原黏度(低)、还原黏度(高)、血浆黏度、红细胞聚积指数、D-二聚体均较干预前下降(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05),对照组干预前后上述指标无明显变化(P>0.05);观察组压疮、下肢DVT发生率及压疮患者压疮分期均低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组术后住院时间、首次下床活动时间均短于对照组(P<0.05),护理服务满意率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论预防性护理构建可降低老年脊柱骨折手术患者下肢DVT及压疮的发生风险,改善血流变指标,有利于术后康复,患者的满意率较高。Objective To explore the value of preventive care constructionin preventing pressure ulcers and deep venous thrombosis(DVT)for elderly patients underwent spinal fracture surgery.Methods 192 elderly patients underwent spinal fractures those who were admitted to our hospital from February 2017 to October 2019 were selected as study subjects,they were randomly divided into the control group(91 cases,given routine nursing)and the observation group(91 cases,given construction of preventive care).Both groups received nursing intervention until discharge.The incidence of pressure ulcers and DVT in lower extremities,hospital stay,postoperative first out-of-bed activity time,nursing service satisfaction rate,and the differences of D-dimer and hemorheology indexes before and after intervention were observed.Results After intervention,whole blood viscosity,reduced viscosity(low),reduced viscosity(high),plasma viscosity,erythrocyte aggregation index and D-dimer in the observation group were all decreased compared with those before intervention(P<0.05),and those in the observation group were lower than in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant change in the above indicators before and after intervention in the control group(P>0.05).The incidence of pressure ulcers and DVT in lower extremities and the stage of pressure ulcers in the observation group were lower than in the control group(all P<0.05).The postoperative hospital stay and first out-of-bed activity time in the observation group were shorter than in the control group(P<0.05),the nursing service satisfaction rate was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions The construction of preventive care could reduce the risk of pressure ulcers and lower limb DVT in elderly patients underwent spinal fracture surgery,and improve the hemorheology indexes,it isbeneficial to postoperative recovery of patients,and has highsatisfaction rate.

关 键 词：预防性护理 脊柱骨折 老年 压疮 下肢深静脉血栓 风险 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]