跨音速涡轮定常与非定常叶尖泄漏流机理分析  

Mechanism Analysis of Steady and Unsteady Tip-Leakage Flow of Transonic Turbine

作　　者：谭炜 张子卿 屈骁 张英杰 卢新根[1] 张燕峰[1] Wei Tan;Zi-qing Zhang;Xiao Qu;Ying-jie Zhang;Xin-gen Lu;Yan-feng Zhang(Laboratory of Light-duty Gas-turbine,Institute of Engineering Thermophysics;University of Chinese Academy of Science)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院工程热物理研究所轻型动力实验室 [2]中国科学院大学

出　　处：《风机技术》2021年第2期1-11,共11页Chinese Journal of Turbomachinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51836008)。

摘　　要：针对格拉兹大学单级跨音涡轮流场进行数值模拟并分析其叶尖泄漏涡结构与非定常影响机理。结果表明:泄漏涡于破碎前为类Rankine涡结构,破碎后卷吸入间隙流体,同时受涡核卷吸而围绕其运动的部分间隙流与主流掺混,形成高剪切流区域,形成类Sullivan涡结构的亚临界状态。非定常尾迹含有的流向涡量与叶尖泄漏涡-刮削涡涡对相互作用下,引起叶尖泄漏涡周向位置与尺度发生波动;跨音涡轮中非定常的动、静叶排位势场作用导致激波与波后静压场分别对泄漏涡的位置与尺度产生影响。在动、静叶栅距比为1.5时,尾迹与位势场的非定常作用同样重要,导致泄漏涡损失加大。未来设计高压涡轮需要考虑非定常的相互作用以控制叶尖泄漏损失。The flow field of single-stage transonic turbine of University of Graz is numerical simulated,the structure of tip leakage vortex and the influence of unsteadiness on tip leakage vortex is carried on.The research conclusion shows that the leakage vortex is Rankine-like vortex before break-down,it inhales the leakage air and changes into subcritical state Sullivan-like vortex after break-down.Unsteady wakes influence the fluctuation size and the circumferential position of the vortex core by the interaction between tip leakage flow and streamwise vortex.Shock-wave and static pressure field has effect on the position and size of tip leakage which caused by interaction of unsteady rotor blade and static blade in transonic turbine.For this transonic turbine stage,the unsteady effect of wakes and the potential field are of equal importance under the condition of the pitch ratio of 1.5 which increases mixing loss of leakage vortex.Future high-pressure turbine designs need to consider unsteady interactions to control tip leakage losses.

关 键 词：叶尖泄漏涡 涡破碎 Sullivan涡 尾迹 尾缘激波 静压场 

分 类 号：TK14[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程] TK05