用初乳进行口腔免疫护理对早产极低出生体重儿的影响  

Efficacy of Oral Immunotherapy with Colostrum on Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Infants

作　　者：胡霆 陈大芝 马金绒 李萍 孟泽兰 雷春花 曾蕾 普菊英 郭芳[1] HU Ting;CHEN Da-zhi;MA Jin-rong;LI Ping;MENG Ze-lan;LEI Chun-hua;ZENG Lei;PU Ju-ying;GUO Fang(Dept.of Newborn,Kunming Municipal Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Kunming Yunnan 650031,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明市妇幼保健院新生儿科,云南昆明650031

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2021年第4期172-175,共4页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：昆明市科技计划基金资助项目(2017-1-S-14972)。

摘　　要：目的探讨母亲初乳做口腔免疫护理对早产极低出生体重儿的影响。方法选取2018年6月至2020年6月在昆明市妇幼保健院出生的100例早产极低出生体重儿,随机将其分为2组。实验组50例,用母亲初乳进行口腔免疫护理;对照组50例,用灭菌注射用水做日常口腔护理。采用前瞻性对照研究,评价2组患儿住院时间、日均住院费用、达全肠道喂养时间、抗生素使用时间、体重变化、坏死性小肠结肠炎(necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)发生率、护理满意度的情况。结果实验组和对照组平均住院日、日均费用、达全肠道喂养时间、抗生素使用时间、体重变化、NEC发生率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组护理满意度优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论母亲初乳做口腔免疫护理可以缩短住院时间、减少日均住院费用、缩短抗生素使用时间、推进喂养进程、促进患儿生长发育,减少NEC的发生,提高家长护理满意度,值得在临床中推广应用。Objective To explore the effect of oral immunotherapy of mother’s colostrum on very low birth weight premature infants.Methods A total of 100 very low birth weight premature infants born in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2020 were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups.The experimental group(50 cases)received oral immunotherapy with colostrum,while the control group(50 cases)was treated with sterilized water for injection for daily oral care.A prospective controlled study was conducted to evaluate the length of hospital stay,hospitalization cost,enteral feeding time,length of antibiotic therapy,weight gain,incidence of NEC(Necrotizing enterocolitis)and nursing satisfaction of the two groups.Results There were statistically significant differences in the average length of hospital stay,hospitalization cost,enteral feeding time,length of antibiotic therapy,weight gain,incidence of NEC between the two groups(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction degree of the experimental group was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Oral immunotherapy of maternal colostrum can shorten hospital stay,reduce average daily hospitalization costs,shorten the length of antibiotic therapy,promote the growth and development of infants,reduce the incidence of NEC and improve parental care satisfaction,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

关 键 词：初乳 早产儿 极低出生体重儿 口腔免疫 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]