奉贤滨海湿地蟹类和蟹洞的分布特征及影响因子  

Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of crabs and crab burrows in the Fengxian coastal wetland

作　　者：李翔 田慧敏 吴靖颖 陈思雨[1,2] 赵明明[1,2] 徐平[1,2] 陈雪初[1,2] 由文辉[1,2] LI Xiang;TIAN Huimin;WU Jingying;CHEN Siyu;ZHAO Mingming;XU Ping;CHEN Xuechu;YOU Wenhui(School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学上海城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期160-170,共11页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0506002)。

摘　　要：研究了奉贤滨海湿地3种生境类型中的蟹类、蟹洞分布特征以及影响因子,揭示了影响蟹类及其洞穴分布的主要影响因子,加深了对穴居蟹类生活习性的认识.结果显示:①天津厚蟹多度在高潮滩芦苇生境高于低潮滩互花米草生境、中潮滩芦苇-互花米草混合生境(p<0.01),褶痕相手蟹多度在生境间无显著差异(p>0.05);②高潮滩芦苇生境中,蟹洞密度显著高于低潮滩互花米草生境、中潮滩芦苇-互花米草混合生境(p<0.05),蟹洞开口直径显著低于低潮滩互花米草生境、中潮滩芦苇-互花米草混合生境(p<0.05);③蟹类多度与蟹洞密度分布不存在显著的线性关系(p>0.05),但天津厚蟹多度与蟹洞密度具有极显著的正相关性(p<0.01);④蟹类多度与植物地下生物量呈负相关关系(p<0.01);⑤蟹洞密度与植被盖度与密度之间呈负相关关系,与相对高程、含水率、电导率、总有机碳含量与总氮含量呈正相关关系,其中,相对高程是与蟹洞密度的相关性排序最高的生境因子.This study investigated the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of crabs and crab burrows in Fengxian coastal wetland to reveal the main influencing factors in crabs’and crab burrows’distribution and deepen the understanding of crabs’living habits.The results showed that:①The abundance of Helice tientsinesis in the high-marsh Phragmites australis habitat is higher than that in the middle-marsh Phragmites australis-Spartina alterniflora mixed habitat and low-marsh Spartina alterniflora habitat(p<0.01).However,there is no significant difference in the abundance of Sesarma plicate between habitats(p>0.05).②The density of crab burrows in the high-marsh Phragmites habitat is significantly higher than that in the middle-marsh Phragmites-Spartina mixed habitat and the low-marsh Spartina habitat(p<0.05),while the average opening diameter of crab burrows is significantly lower than that in the middle-marsh Phragmites-Spartina mixed habitat and the low-marsh Spartina habitat(p<0.05).③There is no significant linear relationship between crab abundance and the density of crab burrows(p>0.05),while there is a significant positive correlation between the density of crab burrows and the abundance of Helice tientsinesis(p<0.01).④Crab abundance is negatively correlated with plant underground biomass(p<0.01).⑤There is a negative correlation between the density of crab burrows and vegetation coverage and plant density.The relative elevation,water content,conductivity,total organic carbon content,and total nitrogen content are positively correlated with the density of crab burrows.Among these factors,the relative elevation is the habitat factor with the highest correlation with the density of crab burrows.

关 键 词：滨海湿地 蟹类 蟹洞 分布特征 影响因子 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]