实验室内交流导线电晕噪声的频谱特性研究  

Analysis of Spectrum Characteristics of Audible Noise Generated by AC Corona Discharge

作　　者：黄明祥 郭志彬 潘立志 李学宝 HUANG Mingxiang;GUO Zhibin;PAN Lizhi;LI Xuebao(State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co.,Ltd.Construction Branch,Fuzhou 350012,China;State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]国网福建省电力有限公司建设分公司,福建福州350012 [2]新能源电力系统国家重点实验室,华北电力大学,北京102206

出　　处：《中国电力》2021年第5期111-120,共10页Electric Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(交流电晕放电可听噪声的声源时域模型与计算方法研究,51707066)。

摘　　要：交流电晕放电产生的可听噪声主要由宽频噪声分量与纯音分量组成,为了对可听噪声频谱特性进行深入研究,基于实验室内交流电晕放电可听噪声的时域测试平台,获取交流导线电晕放电产生的可听噪声时域波形,提出了将测量得到的可听噪声分为脉冲簇噪声、空间离子往复迁移噪声和背景噪声3个部分,并采用基于小波变换的噪声提取方法对各部分分量进行了分离。在此基础上,获得了交流电压调制和离子迁移运动对导线纯音分量的不同作用机理以及纯音分量的变化规律。研究结果表明在电压调制作用下周期出现的脉冲簇噪声和空间离子往复迁移噪声共同形成了纯音分量,而离子迁移运动的作用大于电压调制作用,且纯音分量随着电压的升高明显升高,对于总声压级的贡献也不断增加。此外,结合了放电过程中的空间离子的运动特性,对可听噪声的频谱特性进行了定性分析。The audible noise(AN)generated by alternative current(AC)corona discharge is mainly composed of wide frequency band and pure tones at harmonics of power frequency.In order to understand the distinct spectrum characteristics of AN,the timedomain waveforms of AN occurring on the surface of conductor are measured using the time-domain test platform for AC coronagenerated audible noise.Based on the analysis of its time and frequency characteristics,the AN is divided into three components:impulsive noise,ion-migration noise and background noise,and a wavelet-transform based noise extraction method is proposed to separate them.The impact mechanism of the AC voltage modulation and space ion-migration on conductor pure tones as well as the variation characteristics of pure tones are obtained.The result shows that under the effect of AC voltage modulation,the periodic pulse cluster noise and the reciprocating migration noise of space ions constitute the pure tones,while the ion migration has larger effects than the voltage modulation.The pure tones become prominent with the increase of voltage and share more proportion of the total sound pressure level.Finally,the motion characteristics of space ions in the process of corona discharge are presented to give a qualitative explanations for the spectrum characteristics of AN.

关 键 词：交流电晕放电 可听噪声 纯音 频谱特性 

分 类 号：TM75[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]