大学生孤独感的发展趋势及影响因素的追踪研究  

Longitudinal analysis of the developmental trend and influential factors of loneliness in college students

作　　者：程利娜 杨洋 CHENG Li'na;YANG Yang(Wuyi University,Jiangmen 529020,China)

机构地区：[1]五邑大学,广东江门529020

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2021年第4期635-640,共6页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(编号:17BSH095)。

摘　　要：目的:采用追踪研究设计,探讨大学生孤独感的发展变化及其影响因素。方法:采用孤独感量表、大五人格量表、领悟社会支持和自尊量表对大学生施测,在3年期间追踪测量了4次,并采用多层次模型进行数据分析。结果:大学生孤独感水平随年级变化基本呈上升趋势(B=0.125,P<0.05)。家庭所在地、社会支持、自尊、神经质、外向性和宜人性人格是影响大学孤独感发展变化的重要因素(B=0.124,-0.102,-0.282,0.011,-0.017,-0.013;P<0.05),性别、是否独生子女对大学生孤独感发展变化的影响不大(P>0.05)。结论:大学第一年和第三年是大学生孤独感发生的高发期,外向性人格、社会支持和自尊对大学生孤独感的增长有抑制作用。Objective:Using the longitudinal study design,to disouss the developmental trend and the influential factors of loneliness in college students.Methods:College students were measured four times during three years using the loneliness scale,big five personality scale,perceived social support scale and self-esteem scale,and the data were analyzed by multi-level model.Results:(1)The level of loneliness of college students increased with grade(B=0.125,P<0.05).(2)The change of loneliness in college students was significantly affected by family location,social support,self-esteem,neuroticism,extroversion and agreeableness(B=0.124,-0.102,-0.282,0.011,-0.017,-0.013;P<0.05);Gender and whether the only child or not had little effect on the development of loneliness(P>0.05).Conclusion:The first and third years of university are the high occurrence period of loneliness;extroversion,social support and self-esteem can inhibit the growth of loneliness in college students.

关 键 词：孤独感 发展趋势 追踪研究 大学生 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学]