小型一体化全功率自然循环压水堆NHR200-Ⅱ技术特点及热力市场应用分析  

Characteristics and heating market applications of NHR200-Ⅱ, a small, modular integrated full-power natural circulation reactor

作　　者：郝文涛[1] 张亚军[1] 杨星团[1] 郭文利[1] HAO Wentao;ZHANG Yajun;YANG Xingtuan;GUO Wenli(Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期322-328,共7页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家国防科技工业局核能开发科研项目。

摘　　要：在减少温室气体排放、缓解空气污染的需求背景下,减少化石能源消耗、增加核能在一次能源消耗中的占比,已成为科技界和产业界的共识。清华大学聚焦居民供热、工业蒸汽、海水淡化等需求,同时兼顾偏远地区发电需要,自主研发了能够产生1.6 MPa饱和蒸汽的小型模块化压水堆NHR200-Ⅱ。该堆采用一体化布置、全功率自然循环、自稳压、非能动安全的设计理念,设有中间隔离回路,可实际消除大规模放射性释放、技术上无需采取场外应急措施,可贴近城市周边和最终用户建设;同时,系统设计简化、运行操纵简单、放射性废物量少,保障了该技术具有经济竞争力。经过试验堆建设和30余年的持续攻关,该技术已具备示范应用条件。The world desires to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution.Many researchers believe that one key method is greater use of nuclear energy to reduce fossil fuel consumption.NHR200-Ⅱ,a small,modular pressurized water reactor that produces 1.6 MPa saturated steam,can be used for district heating,industrial steam,seawater desalination,and remote power generation.NHR200-Ⅱhas integrated system components,full-power natural circulation,self-pressurization,passive safety systems,and an intermediate isolation loop.The design essentially eliminates the possibility of large radioactivity releases,so off-site emergency measures are probably unnecessary so NHR200-Ⅱcan be constructed near large cities and end-users,which is essential for district heating systems.At the same time,the simplified system design,convenient operation,and minimal radioactive waste make NHR200-Ⅱvery economically competitive.Experience with a test reactor and more than three decades of research has shown that this technology is mature and ready for demonstration projects.

关 键 词：核供热堆 小型模块化堆 NHR200-Ⅱ 一体化 全功率自然循环 非能动安全 

分 类 号：TL413.2[核科学技术—核技术及应用]