陕西省旬邑地区儿童呼吸道感染病毒病原学分析  

Study of etiology of acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children in Xunyi

作　　者：门玉梅 董鹏 李文秀 王姗姗 张英 杨欢欢 柏振江[2] 武琼 第五建锋 Men Yumei;Dong Peng;Li Wenxiu;Wang Shanshan;Zhang Ying;Yang Huanhuan;Bai Zhenjiang;Wu Qiong;Diwu Jianfeng(Department of Pediatric,Xunyi County Hospital of Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University,Shaanxi 711300,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属儿童医院旬邑分院儿科,711300 [2]苏州大学附属儿童医院重症医学科 [3]陕西省旬邑县气象局

出　　处：《山西医药杂志》2021年第7期1061-1064,共4页Shanxi Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的了解旬邑地区急性呼吸道感染住院儿童病毒病原学情况。方法对2017年11月至2018年10月因急性呼吸道感染住院的1721例患儿抽取鼻咽分泌物,采用直接免疫荧光法检测甲型和乙型流感病毒(IFA、FIB)、副流感病毒1、2、3型(PIV1、PIV2、PIV3)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)和腺病毒(ADV)7项呼吸道病毒,结合临床特征、实验室结果和气象环境资料进行统计分析。结果送检1721例患儿标本中,28.94%(498/1721)患儿至少检出一种病毒阳性,其中RSV检出率11.45%(197/1721)居首,而后是IFA的5.35%(92/1721)、PIV-Ⅲ的4.94%(85/1721)、IFB的3.49%(60/1721)、ADV的3.08%(53/1721)、PIV-Ⅰ的1.63%(28/1721)和PIV-Ⅱ的0.12%(2/1721);病毒病原体在不同年龄组间分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),39.65%(205/517)在1岁以下,73.31%(379/517)在3岁以下;呼吸道病毒检出率在不同季节分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),冬季呼吸道病毒检出率最高为50.48%(261/517),而后依次为春季28.82%(149/517)、夏季13.54%(70/517)和秋季7.16%(37/517),RSV、IFA和IFB以冬春季高发,而ADV以夏季高发;病毒总检出率与月平均气温和月降水量呈现负相关(P<0.05),与PM10、PM2.5、SO2和NO2浓度呈现正相关(P<0.05)。结论病毒是旬邑地区儿童特别是3岁以下幼儿急性呼吸道感染的重要病原体,RSV、IFA和IFB以冬春季高发,而ADV以夏季高发,气候和环境因素对病毒的流行起着重要的作用。Objective To investigate the etiology of hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection in Xunyi area.Methods Nasopharyngeal secretions were collected from 1721 children hospitalized for acute respiratory infection from November 2017 to October 2018.Direct immunofluorescence was used to detect 7 respiratory viruses including influenza A and B(IFA,FIB)and parainfluenza viruses including types 1,2,3(PIV1,PIV2,PIV3),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)and adenovirus(ADV),which were combined with clinical features,laboratory results and meteorological environmental data for statistical analysis.Results Of the 1721 children,28.94%(498/1721)had at least one virus positive result.The RSV detection rate was 11.45%(197/1721),followed by IFA 5.35%(92/1721),4.94%(85/1721)of PIV-Ⅲ,3.49%(60/1721)of IFB,3.08%(53/1721)of ADV,1.63%(28/1721)of PIV-Ⅰand PIV-Ⅱ0.12%(2/1721);there was a significant difference in the distribution of viral pathogens between different age groups(P<0.05),there was 39.65%(205/517)cases under 1 year old,and 73.31%(379/517)under 3 years old;The detection rate of respiratory virus was significantly different in different seasons(P<0.05).The highest detection rate of respiratory virus was 50.48%(261/517)in winter,followed by 28.82%(149/517)in spring,13.54%(70/517)in summer and 7.16%(37/517)in autumn,respectively.RSV,IFA and IFB are highly detected in winter and spring,while ADV is highly detected in summer;total virus detection rate is negatively correlated with monthly mean temperature and monthly precipitation(P<0.05),and positively correlated with PM10,PM2.5,SO2 and NO2 concentrations(P<0.05).Conclusion The virus is an important pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection in children in Xunyi area,especially in children under three years old.RSV,IFA and IFB are highly detected in winter and spring,while ADV is highly detected in summer.Climate and environmental factors play important roles in the prevalence of respiratory virus in children.

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 呼吸道疾病 儿童 气候 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]