民国时期橡胶种植技术的环境限制与本土改良  

Environmental Limitation of Rubber Planting Technology and Local Improvement Thereof During the Republic of China

作　　者：杜香玉 DU Xiangyu(Institute of Ethnic Politics,Yunnan University,Kunming,Yunnan,650091)

机构地区：[1]云南大学民族政治研究院,昆明云南650091

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2021年第5期7-13,共7页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：2017年度国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“中国西南少数民族灾害文化数据库建设”(项目编号:17ZDA158)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：民国时期,橡胶的选种、育苗、定植等技术得到初步实践。这一新物种及技术的引入成为当地生态系统失衡的新因素,加剧了生态灾害。依靠现代种植技术的进步,橡胶作为外来物种一定程度上打破了对本土温度、降水、土壤等环境的限制,但遭遇了大风、病虫等新的环境限制,并导致当地生态系统抵御自然灾害的能力降低,最终促使这些环境限制因素转化为风害、病虫害等灾害。面对这些灾害,国人开始意识到要通过建立防风林、胶园间作等方式进行本土改良及优化,以人为干预的方式创造与原产地相似的生境适应本土生态环境,修复本土生态系统,增强橡胶与环境之间的协同共进关系。这种意识对当前生态文明建设背景下进行本土生态修复及生态治理具有重要借鉴。During the period of the Republic of China,the techniques of rubber selection,seedling and planting were put into practice.The introduction of this new species and technology became a new factor in the imbalance of local ecosystems,exacerbating ecological disasters.Relying on the progress of modern planting technology,rubber,as an exotic species,broke the restrictions on local temperature,precipitation and soil to a certain extent.But it encountered high winds,pests and other new environmental restrictions,which reduced the ability of the local ecosystem to resist natural disasters,and ultimately changed these environmental restrictions into disasters resulted from wind,diseases and insect pests.Facing these disasters,people began to realize that local improvement and optimization should be carried out through the establishment of windbreaks and the intercropping of rubber gardens,and human intervention should be used to create habitats similar to the original place to adapt to the local ecological environment,repair the local ecosystem,and strengthen the synergistic relationship between rubber and the environment.This consciousness can be used as an important reference for local ecological restoration and ecological governance in the context of current ecological civilization construction.

关 键 词：橡胶种植技术 民国时期 环境限制 本土改良及优化 外来物种 

分 类 号：F307.2[经济管理—产业经济]