近交衰退分子机理的研究进展  

Progress in Molecular Mechanism of Inbreeding Depression

作　　者：薛倩 朱云芬[1] 李国辉[1,2] 曹愉夏 张会永[1,2] 殷建玫[1,2] 窦新红[1] 苏一军[1] 王克华[1] 韩威[1,2] 邹剑敏[1] XUE Qian;ZHU Yunfen;LI Guohui;CAO Yuxia;ZHANG Huiyong;YIN Jianmei;DOU Xinhong;SU Yijun;WANG Kehua;HAN Wei;ZOU Jianmin(Poultry Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225125,China;Science and Technology Innovation Center,Poultry Institute of Jiangsu Province,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225125,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院家禽研究所,江苏扬州225125 [2]江苏省家禽科学研究所科技创新中心,江苏扬州225125

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2021年第4期1-6,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31572358);扬州市自然科学基金项目(YZ2018098);江苏省属公益类科研院所自主科研经费项目(BM2018026);江苏省“六大人才高峰”高层次人才项目(NY-024);江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)专项(BE2019353)。

摘　　要：近交衰退是指因近交而导致后代适合度(群体均值)下降的现象,其分子机理一直是进化生物学、物种保护及育种等领域的研究重点。群体遗传学认为近交衰退主要是由个体基因组的纯合度增加引起的,并形成显性理论和超显性理论两个经典理论。随着新一代测序技术的发展,在分子水平上对近交衰退的研究取得显著进展。该文围绕全基因组信息在近交参数度量中的应用、全基因组基因表达和表观遗传与近交衰退的关系等几个方面进行综述和展望,以期为进一步丰富和发展近交衰退经典理论提供思路,为物种资源保护及育种提供科学依据。Inbreeding depression,the phenomenon of decline in fitness or mean value of inbred offspring,has always been the focus of research in evolution,conservation and breeding fields.The population genetics consider that inbreeding decline is mainly caused by the increase of homozygosity of individual genome,and two classical theories are thus formed,dominance theory and overdominance theory.With the development of new generation sequencing,much progress had been made in study of inbreeding depression at the molecular level.In this paper,the application of whole genome information in the measurement of inbreeding parameters,the association between gene expression,epigenetics and inbreeding depression are reviewed.It will provide new clues for enriching and developing the classical theory of inbreeding depression and supply scientific evidence for species conservation and breeding.

关 键 词：近交衰退 新一代测序 近交参数 基因表达 表观遗传 

分 类 号：Q32[生物学—遗传学] S813[农业科学—畜牧学]