液体施肥机械发展现状与现代农业关系分析  

Analysis of the relationship between the development of liquid fertilizer machinery and modern agriculture

作　　者：张鲁云[1] 何义川 杨怀君[1] 汤智辉[1] 郑炫[1] 孟祥金[1] Zhang Luyun;He Yichuan;Yang Huaijun;Tang Zhihui;Zheng Xuan;Meng Xiangjin(Machinery and Equipment Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi,832000,China;College of mechanical and electrical engineering Talimu University,Alar,843300,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院机械装备研究所,新疆石河子832000 [2]塔里木大学机械电器工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2021年第4期34-40,共7页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200604);兵团区域创新引导计划项目(2018BB039);塔里木大学校长基金项目(TDZKSS201912)。

摘　　要：液体肥料是伴随着水肥一体化技术推广应用而发展的新型肥料,欧美等发达国家的液体肥料产业、农业和畜牧业已经完全实现了机械化作业,并且已经形成了完整的配套生产技术,而我国在相关领域则相对滞后。对常见液体施肥技术如地表和地下撒施技术进行分析对比,根据不同的土壤条件,土壤类型,地理条件以及液体肥料的类型和成分使用相应的液体施肥技术。以液体施肥为代表的新型水肥一体化技术,可以有效地保障全球粮食安全并推动农业的现代化发展。我国液体施肥机械起步较晚但发展迅速,建议国家加大支持力度,引进国外先进技术,优化产业结构,完善农艺规范,以促进资源节约型、环境保护型农业产业的健康持续发展。Liquid fertilizer is a new type of fertilizer developed with the promotion and application of water and fertilizer integration technology.It has been fully mechanized in the developed countries while China lags behind in related fields.The common liquid fertilization techniques,such as surface and underground spreading,were analyzed and compared.According to different soil conditions,soil types,geographical conditions,and the types and components of liquid fertilizer,the corresponding liquid fertilization techniques were used.The new water and fertilizer integration technology represented by liquid fertilization can effectively ensure global food security and promote the modernization of agriculture.In China,liquid fertilizer application machinery started late but developed rapidly,it is suggested that more support should be given,import foreign advanced technology,optimize the industrial structure,and improve agronomic norms to promote the healthy and sustainable development of resource-saving and environment-friendly agricultural industry.

关 键 词：液体肥料 水肥一体化 粪污处理 精准农业 施肥机械 绿色农业 

分 类 号：S224.22[农业科学—农业机械化工程]