植保无人机喷施除草剂喷头选择及参数优化  

Selection of nozzle type and parameter optimization in herbicide spraying process of plant protection UAV

作　　者：谢英杰 王国宾 王宝聚 单常峰 兰玉彬 Xie Yingjie;Wang Guobin;Wang Baoju;Shan Changfeng;Lan Yubin(College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo,255022,China;Shandong University of Technology Sub-center of National Center for International Collaboration Research on Precision Agricultural Aviation Pesticide Spraying Technology,Zibo,255022,China;Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Agricultural Aviation Intelligent Equipment,Zibo,255022,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,山东淄博255022 [2]国家精准农业航空施药技术国际联合研究中心山东理工大学分中心,山东淄博255022 [3]山东省农业航空智能装备工程技术研究中心,山东淄博255022

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2021年第4期61-69,共9页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：山东省引进顶尖人才“一事一议”专项经费资助项目(鲁政办字[2018]27号);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金资助项目(9001118006);淄博市重点研发计划(校城融合类)生态无人农场研究院项目(2019ZBXC200)。

摘　　要：植保无人机因其具有灵活、精确的特点,在全球范围内得到迅猛发展。为获得相对较好的植保无人机喷雾雾滴沉积效果,应用电动四旋翼植保无人机在冬小麦除草过程中进行施药试验,研究喷头类型(防飘喷头DG11003型和原装喷头SX11001VS型)及喷液量(7.5、15.0、22.5及30.0 L/hm^(2))对雾滴沉积分布的影响,为优选植保无人机田间除草作业参数提供数据参考。使用DepositScan软件分析雾滴沉积参数,包括不同采样点的雾滴覆盖率和雾滴密度。试验结果表明:防飘喷头DG11003的雾滴密度(27.9~73.0个/cm^(2))显著大于原装喷头SX11001VS(13.7~47.2个/cm^(2)),而对于雾滴覆盖率二者无显著差异,其变化范围分别为2.1%~10.4%及2.0%~9.9%,同时雾滴覆盖率及密度均随喷液量增大而增大;根据不同处理雾滴沉积的变异系数差异可以看出,喷液量对雾滴沉积的均匀性无显著影响。但两种喷头类型对雾滴沉积影响差异显著,防飘喷头DG11003变异系数较小,对雾滴沉积效果更好,其雾滴覆盖率及雾滴密度变异系数的变化范围分别为43.6%~73.4%及46.0%~49.4%。论述应用植保无人机在冬小麦除草剂喷施作业时,喷液量及喷头类型对雾滴在小麦冠层的沉积分布的影响,综合分析可得,选用防飘喷头DG11003在喷液量较大的条件下进行施药,其效果最佳。该研究可为植保无人机对麦田除草剂的合理喷施提供参考和指导。Because of its flexible and accurate characteristics,plant protection UAV has been developing rapidly in the global scope.In order to obtain relatively good eppo unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)spray droplets deposition effect,this paper applied electric four rotor eppo UAVs administer tests are carried out in the process of winter wheat grass,the nozzle type(anti floating nozzle type DG11003 and original nozzle SX11001VS)and spray amount(7.5,15.0,22.5,and 30.0 L/hm^(2))on the droplets deposition distribution,the influence of parameters for optimizing eppo UAV field weeding work provides reference data.Droplet deposition parameters,including droplet coverage rate and droplet deposition density at different sampling points,were analyzed by DepositScan software.The test results showed that the number of droplets of the anti-drift nozzle DG11003(27.9~73.0 droplets/cm^(2))was significantly greater than that of the original nozzle SX11001VS(13.7~47.2 droplets/cm^(2)).But there was no significant difference between the number of droplets and the droplet coverage rate,and the variation ranges of which was 2.1%~10.4%and 2.0%~9.9%,respectively.At the same time,the droplet coverage rate and the number of droplets increased with the increase of spray volume.According to the variation coefficient differences of droplet deposition under different treatments,it could be seen that spray volume had no significant effect on the uniformity of droplet deposition.However,the influence of the two nozzle types on droplet deposition was significantly different in the process of winter wheat herbicide spraying.The variation coefficient of anti-floating nozzle DG11003 was small,and the effect on droplet deposition was better.Its droplet coverage rate and the number of droplets variation coefficients varied from 43.6%to 73.4%and 46.0%~49.4%,respectively.This study discussed the effects of spray volume and nozzle type on the deposition and distribution of droplets on the wheat canopy when eppo UAV were used to spray winter wheat herbicides.Com

关 键 词：植保无人机 航空喷施 冬小麦 喷液量 喷头类型 雾滴沉积 

分 类 号：S25[农业科学—农业机械化工程]