农业机械化对粮食生产技术效率影响--基于农机跨区服务的空间效应视角  

Influence of agricultural mechanization on technical efficiency of grain production:Based on the perspective of spatial effect of cross-regional service of agricultural machinery

作　　者：王丹[1] 刘春明 周杨 Wang Dan;Liu Chunming;Zhou Yang(College of Accounting,Changchun Finance College,Changchun,130028,China;College of Business Administration,Jilin Engineering Normal University,Changchun,130122,China;College of Economic Management,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,130118,China)

机构地区：[1]长春金融高等专科学校会计学院,长春市130028 [2]吉林工程技术师范学院工商管理学院,长春市130122 [3]吉林农业大学经济管理学院,长春市130118

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2021年第4期223-229,共7页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：吉林省“十三五”智库规划基金项目(2019JLSKZB099、2019JLSKZB036)。

摘　　要：在可持续发展背景下,考察农业机械化服务对粮食生产技术效率的影响,对保障粮食产能政策的制定具有重要的现实意义。据此,采用Trangslog-SFA模型、Moran's I指数和PSDM模型,依据2001—2018年15个省的面板数据,基于农机跨区服务视角,分析农业机械化水平对小麦生产技术效率的空间影响。结果表明:中国小麦平均生产技术效率为0.6988,年均技术变动率为0.0059,总体呈现波动缓慢上升趋势;除部分省域外,生产技术效率较低的地区变动率往往较高,而生产技术效率较高的地区则相反,区域间不平衡的局面逐渐改善;生产技术效率和农业机械化水平均呈现正向的空间自相关性,2006—2013年正向影响逐年加强,2014年后,可能存在内生性农机服务开始替代外地市场的现象,大范围的农机跨区服务市场萎缩,辐射空间变小;农业机械化可以提高小麦生产技术效率,且存在空间溢出效应,但不如预期般显著,在将农业机械化进行分离后发现,这种正向的空间溢出效应主要来源于大中型农机的跨区服务产生。In the context of sustainable development,it is of great practical significance to investigate the impact of agricultural mechanization services on the technical efficiency of grain production.In this paper,Trangslog-SFA model,Moran's I index and PSDM model were adopted to analyze the spatial influence of agricultural mechanization level on wheat production technical efficiency based on the panel data of 15 provinces from 2001 to 2018 and from the perspective of cross-regional service of agricultural machinery.The results showed that the average technical efficiency of wheat production in China was 0.6988 and the average technical change rate was 0.0059.With the exception of some provinces,the variation rate of regions with low production and technological efficiency is usually higher,while that of regions with high production and technological efficiency is to the contrary,and the imbalance between regions is gradually improved.The production technical efficiency and agricultural mechanization level show a positive spatial autocorrelation.From 2006 to 2013,the positive influencewas strengthened year by year.After 2014,owing to the possibility of endogenous agricultural machinery service beginning to replace the foreign market,a large range of cross-regional agricultural machinery service market shrunk and the radiation space became smaller.Agricultural mechanization can improve the technical efficiency of wheat production,and there is a spatial spillover effect,but it is not as significant as expected.After the separation of agricultural mechanization,it is found that this positive spatial spillover effect mainly comes from the cross-regional service of large and medium-sized agricultural machinery.

关 键 词：农业机械化 农机跨区服务 空间效应 生产技术效率 

分 类 号：F304.7[经济管理—产业经济]