温室小气候温度和湿度动态模型预测及验证  

Prediction and verification of dynamic model of temperature and humidity of greenhouse microclimate

作　　者：韦玉翡 赵建贵 高安琪 白云飞 李志伟[1] WEI Yu-fei;ZHAO Jian-gui;GAO An-qi;BAI Yun-fei;LI Zhi-wei(Agricultural Engineering College,Shanxi Agriculture University,Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农业工程学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2021年第9期32-38,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701501);山西省研究生教育创新项目(2020SY194);晋中市科技重点研发计划(农业)项目(Y202008)。

摘　　要：以番茄(Solanum lycopersicum Solyc)欧美佳为试验材料,采用温室基质栽培方式,利用番茄连续3个月生长发育的内外部环境数据、改进的热量传递理论及质能平衡方程建立并验证温室内温度和湿度的动态预测模型。以山西农业大学工学院玻璃温室为例,考虑室内外太阳辐射量、室内外温度、风速、通风率、围护结构等因素建立动态模型,并利用该模型对番茄各生育期的温度和相对湿度进行分析。结果表明,室内温度的主要影响因素是室外温度及太阳辐射量(冬季尤其要考虑加热设施的介入),室内相对湿度变化主要受植物蒸腾速率、室内温度以及通风换气的影响。该模型在各个生育期(幼苗期、开花期、结果期)温度的相对误差分别为7.70%、7.90%、6.80%;绝对误差分别为1.42℃、1.26℃、1.05℃;标准误差均方根分别为1.32℃、1.39℃、1.25℃;相对湿度的相对误差分别为6.10%、3.20%、1.41%;绝对误差分别为4.08、2.11、1.35个百分点;标准误差均方根分别为3.73%、2.16%、1.11%,验证该模型可靠有效,可为后续的环境控制与决策管理提供模型支持。Taking Oumeijia tomato(Solanum lycopersicum Solyc)as the test material,adopting greenhouse matrix cultivation,using the internal and external environment data of tomato growth and development for 3 consecutive months,improved heat transfer theory and mass energy balance equation,the dynamic prediction model of temperature and humidity in the greenhouse was established and verified.Taking the glass greenhouse of Engineering College of Shanxi Agricultural University as an example,the dynamic model was established taking into account the indoor and outdoor solar radiation amount,indoor and outdoor temperature,wind speed,ventilation rate,envelope structure and other factors,and the model was used to analyze the temperature and humidity of tomato at each growth stage.The results showed that outdoor temperature and solar radiation were the main factors affecting indoor temperature(especially in winter,heating facilities should be considered),and indoor humidity was mainly affected by transpiration rate,indoor temperature and ventilation.The relative errors of temperature in each growth stage(seedling stage,flowering stage and fruiting stage)were 7.70%,7.90%and 6.80%,absolute error were 1.42℃,1.26℃,1.05℃,and RMS standard error were 1.32℃,1.39℃,1.25℃,respectively;Relative error of humidity were 6.10%,3.20%,1.41%,absolute error were 4.08,2.11,1.35 percentage point,and the root-mean-square standard error were 3.73%,2.16%and 1.11%,respectively.Which verifies that the model is reliable and effective and can provide model support for subsequent environmental control and decision management.

关 键 词：温室 番茄(Solanum lycopersicum Solyc) 小气候系统 温度模型 湿度模型 

分 类 号：S625.5+1[农业科学—园艺学]